Kjaxono language

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Kjaxono is a language belonging to the [placeholder?] language family, primarily spoken in [South Bellic Zone] and in small communities across Brausia.

Etymology

History

Phonology

Consonants

Kjaxono's consonant inventory of 41 phonemes is typical of other [...] languages, featuring a palatalized distinction in most of it's consonants, and rich employment of uvular sounds.

Bilabial Alveolar Velar Uvular Glottal
Plain Palatalized Plain Palatalized Plain Palatalized
Nasal m n ŋ ŋʲ ɴ
Plosive Unvoiced p t k q ʔ
Voiced b d g ɢ
Affricate Unvoiced ts tsʲ kx kxʲ
Voiced dz dzʲ
Fricative Unvoiced s x χ h
Voiced β z ʁ
Liquid l ʎ ʀ

Vowels

Allophony

Orthography

Grammar

Kjaxono is a decisively agglutinative language, with plentiful fusional and polysynthetic characteristics. Kjaxono, along with other languages of the [...] language family comprise the only example of languages with a morphosyntactic alignment of transitive-intransitive - with the agent of an intransitive verb being inflected for an intransitive case. This feature is one of the most notorious features of Kjaxono. Otherwise, Kjaxono nouns rather simply decline for 2 cases - transitive and intransitive, as previously stated - and 2 numbers - singular and plural. Kjaxono has three grammatical genders, of which are called types by Kjaxono linguists. These genders are usually referred to as Kjai, Umare, and Rubin.

Verbs are the most inflecting part of speech in Kjaxono - see §6 Verbal System.

Pronouns

Personal pronouns in Kjaxono
Singular Plural
First-person Second-person Third-person First-person Second-person Third-person
Kjai Umare Rubin Kjai Umare Rubin
Transitive ce ǐŋce kjace hamce żoxe cet ǐŋcet kjacet hamcet żoxet
Intransitive ceb ǐŋbe kjabǒ hamǒcb żǒxbe ceżt ǐŋbet kjabǒt hamǒżt żǒxbet

Nouns

Kjaxono nouns inflect for two cases - being the transitive and intrasitive. The transitive case is unmarked, and marks the subject of a transitive verb. The intransitive case is marked by the suffix -(ie)b. The intransitive case marks the subject of an intransitive verb. The intransitive cases sometimes takes slightly different marking based on the final phonemes of the noun it is attached to. Generally, if the noun ends with 2 or less consonants, only -b is attached; otherwise, -ieb is attached.

Verbal system

See main article: Kjaxono verbs

Verbs are the most complex part of speech in Kjaxono. It is by far the most difficult aspect of Kjaxono for new speakers of the language to learn, due its system-wide irregularity and general difficulty. Oftentimes, conjugation can encode all of the information needed to parse a sentence. The verbal system of Kjaxono consists of 5 different conjugations, which are called systems by most linguists. Kjaxono verbs conjugate for 4 tenses - past, hodiernal, present, and future - 7 aspects - perfective, momentane, prospective, imperfective, progressive, stative, and gnomic - 4 moods - indicative, conditional, potential, and hypothetical - 3 types of evidence - direct, reportative, and assumptive - and 3 voices - active, middle, and passive. A feature not present in any other language aside from other languages within the [...] language family is the optional marking of definiteness and or indefiniteness (in regards to person, see the main Kjaxono verb article) within Kjaxono systems. Hard to define, they can mark for extremely specific scenarios with little equivelant in any other language. All together, Kjaxono verbs have by far the most inflection and nuance of any part of speech in Kjaxono.

Due to the complexity of the subject, Kjaxono's verbal system entails its own seperate article.

Verb structure

Definiteness

Syntax

Word order

Lexicon

Examples