Library of Turku

Azkali language: Difference between revisions

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The oldest example of the Azkali language being written is from around 3000 BCE, in an ancient form of what is believed to be the [[Azkali alphabet]]. If true, this would make the Azkali alphabet one of the oldest extant writing systems in the world.
The oldest example of the Azkali language being written is from around 3000 BCE, in an ancient form of what is believed to be the [[Azkali alphabet]]. If true, this would make the Azkali alphabet one of the oldest extant writing systems in the world.


=== Proto-Azkali (6000-7000 BCE?) ===
=== Proto-Azkali (6000-8000 BCE?) ===
See main article: ''[[Proto Azkali language]]''
 
The date of which Proto-Azkali was spoken has been debated for hundreds of years. Based on possible influence of [[Proto-Ukilen]], as well as '''[placeholder - genetic + religion]''', scholars have placed the date in which Proto-Azkali was spoken to be between 6000 and 7000 BCE. Proto-Azkali's urheimat is highly debated (as stated earlier), but is theorized to be in southwestern Baphia. This is supported by both fossil evidence, and the history of the region (e.g. the founding of [[Bongsibon]] as an Azkali ethnic community, aswell as it's etymology).
The date of which Proto-Azkali was spoken has been debated for hundreds of years. Based on possible influence of [[Proto-Ukilen]], as well as '''[placeholder - genetic + religion]''', scholars have placed the date in which Proto-Azkali was spoken to be between 6000 and 7000 BCE. Proto-Azkali's urheimat is highly debated (as stated earlier), but is theorized to be in southwestern Baphia. This is supported by both fossil evidence, and the history of the region (e.g. the founding of [[Bongsibon]] as an Azkali ethnic community, aswell as it's etymology).


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=== Vowels ===
=== Vowels ===
The following two tables show the vowel phonemes of the four standard Azkali dialects. These two charts do not fully represent the amount of diversity in the Azkali language; they only show the most prominent dialects. Generally, Azkali vowels are not differentiated by length.
The following two tables show the vowel phonemes of the four standard Azkali dialects. These two charts do not fully represent the amount of diversity in the Azkali language; they only show the most prominent dialects. Generally, Azkali vowels are not differentiated by length. The Standard Azkali dialect is based off of the Chekearoa dialect.


==== Domestic dialects ====
==== Domestic dialects ====
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+Vowel phonemes of domestic Azkali dialects
|+Vowel phonemes of major domestic Azkali dialects
!'''Chekearoa Dialect'''
!'''Chekearoa'''
and Standard Azkali
![[W:Front vowel|Front]]
![[W:Front vowel|Front]]
![[W:Back vowel|Back]]
![[W:Back vowel|Back]]
!'''Otzeipao Dialect'''
!'''Otzeipao'''  
and formerly Atzogui
![[W:Front vowel|Front]]
![[W:Front vowel|Front]]
![[W:Back vowel|Back]]
![[W:Back vowel|Back]]
|-
|-
|'''Close'''
!'''[[W:Close vowel|Close]]'''
|i
|'''i'''
|u
/i/
|'''Close'''
|'''u'''
|i
/u/
|u
!'''[[W:Close vowel|Close]]'''
|'''i'''
/i/
|'''u'''
/u/
|-
|-
|'''Close-Mid'''
!'''[[W:Close-mid vowel|Close-Mid]]'''
|e
|'''e'''
|ɤ
/e/
|'''Close-Mid'''
|'''o'''
| rowspan="2" |e̞
/ɤ/
|o
!'''[[W:Close-mid vowel|Close-Mid]]'''
| rowspan="2" |'''e'''
/e̞/
|'''o'''
/o/
|-
|-
|'''Open-Mid'''
!'''[[W:Open-mid vowel|Open-Mid]]'''
|ɛ
|'''e'''
|ɔ
/ɛ/
|'''Open-Mid'''
|'''o'''
/ɔ/
!'''[[W:Open-mid vowel|Open-Mid]]'''
|
|
|-
|-
|'''Open'''
!'''[[W:Open vowel|Open]]'''
| colspan="2" |a
| colspan="2" |'''a'''
|'''Open'''
/ɐ/
|æ
!'''[[W:Open vowel|Open]]'''
|ɑː
|'''a'''
/æ/
|'''a'''
/ɑː/
|}
|}
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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![[W:Back vowel|Back]]
![[W:Back vowel|Back]]
|-
|-
|'''Close'''
!'''[[W:Close vowel|Close]]'''
|i
|'''i'''
|ʊ
/i/
|'''Close'''
|'''u'''
|i
/ʊ/
|u
!'''[[W:Close vowel|Close]]'''
|'''i'''
/i/
|'''u'''
/u/
|-
|-
|'''Close-Mid'''
!'''[[W:Close-mid vowel|Close-Mid]]'''
|e
|'''e'''
|ɤ̞
/e'''/'''
|'''Close-Mid'''
|'''o'''
|e
/ɤ̞/
!'''[[W:Close-mid vowel|Close-Mid]]'''
|'''e'''
/e/
|
|
|-
|-
|'''Open-Mid'''
!'''[[W:Open-mid vowel|Open-Mid]]'''
|ɛ
|'''e'''
/ɛ/
|
|
|'''Open-Mid'''
!'''[[W:Open-mid vowel|Open-Mid]]'''
|
|
|ɔ
|'''o'''
/ɔ/
|-
|-
|'''Open'''
!'''[[W:Open vowel|Open]]'''
|æ
|'''a'''
/æ/
|
|
|'''Open'''
!'''[[W:Open vowel|Open]]'''
| colspan="2" |a
| colspan="2" |'''a'''
/a/
|}
|}
In addition, all of these vowel phonemes can be lengthened, either for stress, emphasis, or distinction reasons. The latter is extremely rare, however; this is usually written as a doubling of the letter of the vowel (i.e /e:/ is written as <ee>) or the addition of an acute on the vowel letter (i.e /e:/ is written as <é>). In addition, some domestic Azkali dialects contain the close front rounded vowel, /y/. This vowel phoneme is used rarely, only in several place names, nouns, and suffixes (one common suffix containing /y/ being '''hü-''', meaning "bad" or "wrong").
In addition, all of these vowel phonemes can be lengthened, either for stress, emphasis, or distinction reasons. The latter is extremely rare, however; this is usually written as a doubling of the letter of the vowel (i.e /e:/ is written as <ee>) or the addition of an acute on the vowel letter (i.e /e:/ is written as <é>). In addition, some domestic Azkali dialects contain the close front rounded vowel, /y/. This vowel phoneme is used rarely, only in several place names, nouns, and suffixes (one common suffix containing /y/ being '''hü-''', meaning "bad" or "wrong").
The ''Standard Azkali'' dialect bases it's vowel phonemes on the Chekearoa dialect of Azkali.


==== Allophony ====
==== Allophony ====
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==== Ukilen logographs ====
==== Ukilen logographs ====
[[Ukilen logographs]] were a common form of writing Azkali, but nowadays are infrequently used among Azkali speakers globally. In areas where [[Kaneedkind#Baphian Kaneeds|Baphians]] are of high population, especially the north, the logography is much more preferred, but it is not uncommon to see it used alongside the Azkali alphabet..
[[Ukilen logographs]] were a common form of writing Azkali, but nowadays are infrequently used among Azkali speakers globally. In areas where [[Kaneedkind#Baphian Kaneeds|Baphians]] are of high population, especially the north, the logography is much more preferred, but it is not particularly rare to see it used alongside the Azkali alphabet.


==== Astseredontia ====
==== Astseredontia ====
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!2nd
!2nd
!3rd
!3rd
|-
!Ergative
|julen
|luikien
|-
|-
!Absolutive
!Absolutive
|juli
|juli
|luikui
|luikui
|-
!Ergative
|julen
|luikien
|-
|-
!'''Dative'''
!'''Dative'''
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!Female
!Female
!Epicene
!Epicene
|-
!Ergative
|en
|te
|mei
|et
|aken
|oen
|uen
|ein
|-
|-
!Absolutive
!Absolutive
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|ku
|ku
|kei
|kei
|-
!Ergative
|en
|te
|mei
|et
|aken
|oen
|uen
|ein
|-
|-
!'''Dative'''
!'''Dative'''
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