Azkali language: Difference between revisions

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| colspan="2" |a

|}

In addition, all of these vowel phonemes can be lengthened, either for stress, emphasis, or distinction reasons. The latter is extremely rare, however; this is usually written as a doubling of the letter of the vowel (i.e /e:/ is written as <ee>) or the addition of an acute on the vowel letter (i.e /e:/ is written as <é>).

In addition, all of these vowel phonemes can be lengthened, either for stress, emphasis, or distinction reasons. The latter is extremely rare, however; this is usually written as a doubling of the letter of the vowel (i.e /e:/ is written as <ee>) or the addition of an acute on the vowel letter (i.e /e:/ is written as <é>). In addition, some domestic Azkali dialects contain the close front rounded vowel, /y/. This vowel phoneme is used rarely, only in several place names, nouns, and suffixes (one common suffix containing /y/ being '''hü-''', meaning "bad" or "wrong").

In addition, domestic Azkali dialects contain the close front rounded vowel, /y/. This vowel phoneme is used rarely, only in several place names, nouns, and suffixes (one common suffix containing /y/ being '''hü-''', meaning "bad" or "wrong").

The ''Standard Azkali'' dialect bases it's vowel phonemes on the Chekearoa dialect of Azkali.

==== Allophony ====

Azkali features large amounts of allophony.

Azkali features large amounts of allophony. An example of this can be found in the '''Spelling to sound correspondence''' of this article

=== Consonants ===

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== Orthography ==

''See articles: [[Azkali alphabet]], [[Azkali orthography]]''

=== Modes of writing Azkali ===

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=== Romanization ===

== Spelling to sound correspondence ==

The following table shows the correspondence between the spelling and pronunciation of letters and combinations of letters in Azkali.

=== Consonants ===

{| class="wikitable"

|+

!Romanization

! colspan="2" |Azkali alphabet letter(s)

!IPA Value

!Example

!Exceptions

|-

| rowspan="4" |p

| rowspan="4" |[P]

|plain

|/p/

|

|-

|after white mutation

|/pɸ/

|

|-

|after gray mutation

|

|-

|after purple mutation

|

|}

== Grammar ==

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As the table plainly shows, in third declension group verbs, two unique evolutions have occured: the far past and past tenses have merged, and the future tense of which is present in the other two declension groups only as a dialectal feature is fully present in all third declension group verbs. Not present in conditional verbs of the other two declension groups is the lack of the ''nak'' particle. The soft imperative marker -pua appears to be from the Oikan future imperative marker -bua. Generally, third declension group verbs are somewhat difficult to master, due to moderate amounts of irregularity between those verbs, and the incongruity between forming conditional verbs in the third declension group compared to the other two.

Other notable features of the third declension group involves how verbs are conjugated. Generally, the final sound of a verb, e.g. the ''n'' in ''heudhun'' will be dropped, and then affixes will be applied. E.g. ''heudhun'' 'to mature' ⟶ ''heudhu'''mi''''' 'I mature. In addition, the baseform of the verb, in this case ''heudhun'', is interpreted as the hard imperative form of the verb. To conjugate an infinitive form of the verb, one must add the ''te'' particle which exists in the other declension groups to the non past ~~version~~, of which is ~~unmarked in every other declension group~~.

Other notable features of the third declension group involves how verbs are conjugated. Generally, the final sound of a verb, e.g. the ''n'' in ''heudhun'' will be dropped, and then affixes will be applied. E.g. ''heudhun'' 'mature! (with an imperative meaning)' ⟶ ''heudhu'''mi''''' 'I mature. In addition, the baseform of the verb, in this case ''heudhun'', is interpreted as the hard imperative form of the verb. To conjugate an infinitive form of the verb, one must add the ''te'' particle which exists in the other declension groups to the non past indicative form, of which is expressed by the addition of the same particle to the stem.

The table that describes all affixes in verbs belonging to the third declension group is shown below.

@@ Line 112: / Line 112: @@
 | colspan="2" |a
 |}
-In addition, all of these vowel phonemes can be lengthened, either for stress, emphasis, or distinction reasons. The latter is extremely rare, however; this is usually written as a doubling of the letter of the vowel (i.e /e:/ is written as <ee>) or the addition of an acute on the vowel letter (i.e /e:/ is written as <é>).
+In addition, all of these vowel phonemes can be lengthened, either for stress, emphasis, or distinction reasons. The latter is extremely rare, however; this is usually written as a doubling of the letter of the vowel (i.e /e:/ is written as <ee>) or the addition of an acute on the vowel letter (i.e /e:/ is written as <é>). In addition, some domestic Azkali dialects contain the close front rounded vowel, /y/. This vowel phoneme is used rarely, only in several place names, nouns, and suffixes (one common suffix containing /y/ being '''hü-''', meaning "bad" or "wrong").
-In addition, domestic Azkali dialects contain the close front rounded vowel, /y/. This vowel phoneme is used rarely, only in several place names, nouns, and suffixes (one common suffix containing /y/ being '''hü-''', meaning "bad" or "wrong").
 The ''Standard Azkali'' dialect bases it's vowel phonemes on the Chekearoa dialect of Azkali.
 ==== Allophony ====
-Azkali features large amounts of allophony.
+Azkali features large amounts of allophony. An example of this can be found in the '''Spelling to sound correspondence''' of this article
 === Consonants ===
@@ Line 282: / Line 280: @@
 == Orthography ==
+''See articles: [[Azkali alphabet]], [[Azkali orthography]]''
 === Modes of writing Azkali ===
@@ Line 295: / Line 294: @@
 === Romanization ===
+== Spelling to sound correspondence ==
+The following table shows the correspondence between the spelling and pronunciation of letters and combinations of letters in Azkali.
+=== Consonants ===
+{| class="wikitable"
+|+
+!Romanization
+! colspan="2" |Azkali alphabet letter(s)
+!IPA Value
+!Example
+!Exceptions
+|-
+| rowspan="4" |p
+| rowspan="4" |[P]
+|plain
+|/p/
+|
+|
+|-
+|after white mutation
+|/pɸ/
+|
+|
+|-
+|after gray mutation
+|
+|
+|
+|-
+|after purple mutation
+|
+|
+|
+|}
 == Grammar ==
@@ Line 1,118: / Line 1,152: @@
 As the table plainly shows, in third declension group verbs, two unique evolutions have occured: the far past and past tenses have merged, and the future tense of which is present in the other two declension groups only as a dialectal feature is fully present in all third declension group verbs. Not present in conditional verbs of the other two declension groups is the lack of the ''nak'' particle. The soft imperative marker -pua appears to be from the Oikan future imperative marker -bua. Generally, third declension group verbs are somewhat difficult to master, due to moderate amounts of irregularity between those verbs, and the incongruity between forming conditional verbs in the third declension group compared to the other two.
-Other notable features of the third declension group involves how verbs are conjugated. Generally, the final sound of a verb, e.g. the ''n'' in ''heudhun'' will be dropped, and then affixes will be applied. E.g. ''heudhun'' 'to mature' ⟶ ''heudhu'''mi''''' 'I mature. In addition, the baseform of the verb, in this case ''heudhun'', is interpreted as the hard imperative form of the verb. To conjugate an infinitive form of the verb, one must add the ''te'' particle which exists in the other declension groups to the non past version, of which is unmarked in every other declension group.
+Other notable features of the third declension group involves how verbs are conjugated. Generally, the final sound of a verb, e.g. the ''n'' in ''heudhun'' will be dropped, and then affixes will be applied. E.g. ''heudhun'' 'mature! (with an imperative meaning)' ⟶ ''heudhu'''mi''''' 'I mature. In addition, the baseform of the verb, in this case ''heudhun'', is interpreted as the hard imperative form of the verb. To conjugate an infinitive form of the verb, one must add the ''te'' particle which exists in the other declension groups to the non past indicative form, of which is expressed by the addition of the same particle to the stem.
 The table that describes all affixes in verbs belonging to the third declension group is shown below.