Pataxea

Proto-Azkali is the reconstructed ancestor of the modern Azkali language. No direct evidence of Proto-Azkali's existance exist. Practically all of the information on Proto-Azkali is based on internal reconstruction. Along with Proto-Ukilen, the reconstruction on Proto-Azkali is one of the most extensive compared to other languages. The first reconstructions of Proto-Azkali started in 1500 AD, leading to the establishment of many modern linguistic reconstruction techniques.

History

There is no direct evidence of the existance of Proto-Azkali as a language.

Phonology

Consonants

The consonants of Proto-Azkali are, in standard notation:

Consonants		Labial	Coronal		Dorsal	Glottal
			Alveolar	Palatal
Nasals		*m /m/	*n /n/		*ng /ŋ/
Plosives	voiceless	*p /p/	*t /t/	*c /c/	*k /k/
	voiced	*b /b~p'/	*d /d-t'/		*g /g~k'/
Fricatives	voiceless		*s /s/	*ch /ç/	*x /x~χ/	*h /h/
	voiced		*z /z~s'/
Semivowels			*l /l/	*y /j/
Rhotic			*r /ɹ/

Nasal sounds could not appear word initially, nor it appears could *s or *z. The rhotic *r /ɹ/ possibly could have been a trill /r/ word initially.

Vowels

The vowels of Proto-Azkali are, in standard notation:

	Front
Close	*i /i~ɪ/
Mid	*e /e~ɛ/
Open	*a /a/

Morphology

Nouns

Nouns in Proto-Azkali declined for 6 cases: the Nominative, marking the object of a transitive or intransitive verb, the Ergative, marking the subject of a transitive verb, the Accusative marking the direct object of a transitive verb and in past clauses, the subject of intransitive verbs and the direct objects of transitive verbs, the Genitive, marking a relationship between two nouns, the Privative, marking the lack of ownership specifically on a marked noun, and the Instrumental, marking the noun as being the instrument by which the verb was accomplished (this can be a physical object or a concept).

Proto-Azkali had a split-ergative morphosyntactical alignment. In the future and present tenses, the nominative and accusative cases were used; in past tenses, the ergative case was used, and the accusative case acted as the absolutive case. Case marking appeared to have been conveyed via particles, shown below:

Proto

Nominative	Ø
Ergative	*ne
Accusative	*ka
Genitive	*kaca
Privative	*za
Instrumental	*gazi

Contrasting with regular nouns, pronouns had distinct forms based on their case:

Lexicon

No.	Gloss	Proto-Azkali (Nora 1960)	Notes	Modern Azkali
1	I	*ke	(or possibly *ki)	go
2	you (singular)	*te		te
3	he	*bai		mei
4	we	*an		oen
5	you (plural)	*ean		uen
6	they (plural)	*en		ein
7	this	*anazgeri		nazkuriz
8	that	*keri		kauli
9	here	*on		hon
10	there			heri
11	who	*gamea		amori (interrogative)
12	what	*gamera		amozeri (interrogative)
13	where	*gachera		amicheri (interrogative)
14	when	*gesera		isari (interrogative)
15	how	*kea		amera (interrogative)
16	not	*ga(n)-		hu-
17	all	*ke(n)-		gen-
18	many	*gazg(i)-		asti-
19	some	*eze(n)-		sen-
20	few	*-(n)an		irria-
21	other			gou-
22	one	*chat		at
23	two	*chatei		aitei
24	three	*charei		iriu
25	four	*chamadei		madhet
26	five	*chakei		kaizo
27	big			motzi
28	long			zogi
29	wide			sogi
30	thick			astsathi
31	heavy
32	small
33	short
34	narrow
35	thin
36	woman	*chemega		kuiga
37	man (adult male)	*chamiga		maiga
38	man (kali being)	*echalia	(either *echalia or *egalia were likely used)	kali
39	child	*sachigi		atsini
40	wife	*chetaz		eitoiz
41	husband			paotoiz
42	mother	*mama		mama
43	father	*papa		papa
44	animal	*chitzaga		isana
45	fish
46	bird
47	dog
48	louse
49	snake
50	worm
51	tree	*gra	(almost certainly derived from Mallo-Brausian)	zamait
52	forest	*grablia	(almost certainly derived from Mallo-Brausian)	zamaikon
53	stick
54	fruit