Hngatil grammar: Difference between revisions

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!3

!4

!5

|-

|Event pronominal(s)

|Mood prefix

~~Event pronominals~~

!Verb stem

|(Verb classifier suffix)

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One of the main features that seperates Hngatil from other languages in Ukilen is it's lack of grammatical tense. Tense-like information is conveyed via lexical and grammatical aspect, of which there are many that convey tense-like information, as well as context.

=== ~~Mood and event~~ pronominals ===

=== Event pronominals ===

~~Hngatil verbs conjugate for 5 moods:~~

Event pronominals inflect for the person and number of the participant in intransitive verbs, and in transitive verbs, the person and number for both participants. The event pronominals are often not required to parse a sentence.

~~# '''Indicative''' - used for factual statements from the viewpoint of the speaker~~

~~# '''Conditional''' - used for actions that are dependent on other actions~~

~~# '''Optative''' - used for actions that the speaker hopes to occur~~

~~# '''Presumptive''' - used for actions that are presumed or theorized to happen~~

~~# '''Inferrential''' - used for actions that the speaker has not personally witnessed~~

~~The prefix converying mood can also convey event~~ pronominals ~~- inflecting~~ for the person and number of the participant in intransitive verbs, and in transitive verbs, the person and number for both participants. The event pronominals are often not required to parse a sentence~~, though when they are included, they change depending on the mood prefix. Mood is also not mandatory to parse a sentence, so when mood is not inflected for, the event pronominals change.~~

~~The following tables show the markings for intransitive verbs in regards to bare event pronominals, bare mood, and combined event pronominals and mood~~.

{| class="wikitable"

|+Intransitive event pronominals inflection

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|

|}

=== Mood ===

Hngatil verbs conjugate for 5 moods:

# '''Indicative''' - used for factual statements from the viewpoint of the speaker

# '''Conditional''' - used for actions that are dependent on other actions

# '''Optative''' - used for actions that the speaker hopes to occur

# '''Presumptive''' - used for actions that are presumed or theorized to happen

# '''Inferrential''' - used for actions that the speaker has not personally witnessed

{| class="wikitable"

|+Mood inflection

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Hngatil verbs conjugate for 16 aspects:

# '''Perfective''' - an action viewed without internal structure, i.e as a whole

# '''Perfective''' - an action viewed completely, and without internal structure, i.e as a whole.

# '''Momentane''' - an action that suddenly occurs, lacking internal structure

# '''Momentane''' - an action that suddenly occurs, lacking internal structure - often used to emphasize the fact that the action is sudden

# '''Prospective''' - an action describing an event that occurs subsequently to a time or another verb

# '''Habitual''' - an action which regularly, habitually, occurs

@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 !3
 !4
+!5
 |-
+|Event pronominal(s)
 |Mood prefix
-Event pronominals
 !Verb stem
 |(Verb classifier suffix)
@@ Line 19: / Line 20: @@
 One of the main features that seperates Hngatil from other languages in Ukilen is it's lack of grammatical tense. Tense-like information is conveyed via lexical and grammatical aspect, of which there are many that convey tense-like information, as well as context.
-=== Mood and event pronominals ===
+=== Event pronominals ===
-Hngatil verbs conjugate for 5 moods:
+Event pronominals inflect for the person and number of the participant in intransitive verbs, and in transitive verbs, the person and number for both participants. The event pronominals are often not required to parse a sentence.
-# '''Indicative''' - used for factual statements from the viewpoint of the speaker
-# '''Conditional''' - used for actions that are dependent on other actions
-# '''Optative''' - used for actions that the speaker hopes to occur
-# '''Presumptive''' - used for actions that are presumed or theorized to happen
-# '''Inferrential''' - used for actions that the speaker has not personally witnessed
-The prefix converying mood can also convey event pronominals - inflecting for the person and number of the participant in intransitive verbs, and in transitive verbs, the person and number for both participants. The event pronominals are often not required to parse a sentence, though when they are included, they change depending on the mood prefix. Mood is also not mandatory to parse a sentence, so when mood is not inflected for, the event pronominals change.
-The following tables show the markings for intransitive verbs in regards to bare event pronominals, bare mood, and combined event pronominals and mood.
 {| class="wikitable"
 |+Intransitive event pronominals inflection
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 |
 |}
+=== Mood ===
+Hngatil verbs conjugate for 5 moods:
+# '''Indicative''' - used for factual statements from the viewpoint of the speaker
+# '''Conditional''' - used for actions that are dependent on other actions
+# '''Optative''' - used for actions that the speaker hopes to occur
+# '''Presumptive''' - used for actions that are presumed or theorized to happen
+# '''Inferrential''' - used for actions that the speaker has not personally witnessed
 {| class="wikitable"
 |+Mood inflection
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 Hngatil verbs conjugate for 16 aspects:
-# '''Perfective''' - an action viewed without internal structure, i.e as a whole
+# '''Perfective''' - an action viewed completely, and without internal structure, i.e as a whole.
-# '''Momentane''' - an action that suddenly occurs, lacking internal structure
+# '''Momentane''' - an action that suddenly occurs, lacking internal structure - often used to emphasize the fact that the action is sudden
 # '''Prospective''' - an action describing an event that occurs subsequently to a time or another verb
 # '''Habitual''' - an action which regularly, habitually, occurs