Azkali language: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox:Language|Speakers=16.8 million|LanguageFamily=Language isolate|AlternativeName=Askali, Askal|LanguageName=Azkali|NativeLanguage=Azkali Patua|LanguageNPrnnctn=[æs̻.'kali pa.tu.'a]|RegulatedBy=None|OfficialLanguage=[[Azkali]], [[Baphia]], [[Sunteria]]|3LetterCode=AZK|SignedForms=[[Azkali Sign Language]]|WritingSystem=[[Azkali alphabet]] [[Ukilen logographs]]}}'''Azkali''' (''Azkali, Azkali Patua'' /as.kali/, [æs̻.'kali pa.tu.'a]) is a language spoken throughout much of the continents of [[Ukilen]] and [[Brausia]], as well as across much of the rest of the world. It was the official and majority language of the [[Azkali|Azkali State]] during its existance. It also is an official language in [[Baphia]], aswell as being a large minority language throughout much of [[Sunteria]], [[Jkawi]], [[Loremesia]], and [[Alloti]]. A majority of the speakers of the Azkali language reside outside of [[Azkali]], primarily due to immigration following the [[1980 Azkali Plague|1980 plague]] outbreak. Most of these "international Azkali speakers" reside in [[Alloti]].

Azkali is a [[W:Language isolate|language isolate]], with no relationship to any other language (aside from the dialect or sister-language of ''[[Ezkaudi]]'') having been concretely proven. It is one of, if not the only surviving language isolate in [[Ukilen]]. The current most substantiated theory on the [[Azkali origin theories|origin of the Azkali peoples]] is that the progenitors of the Azkali peoples resided in [[northeastern Baphia]]. Other theories claim a multitude of homelands, from northern [[Sunteria]] to the northernmost islands of [[Loremesia]].

Azkali is a [[W:Language isolate|language isolate]] - one of, if not the only of which still remains in Ukilen - with no relationship to any other language (aside from the dialect or sister-language of ''[[Ezkaudi]]'') having been concretely proven. It is one of, if not the only surviving language isolate in [[Ukilen]]. The current most substantiated theory on the [[Azkali origin theories|origin of the Azkali peoples]] is that the progenitors of the Azkali peoples resided in [[northeastern Baphia]]. Other theories claim a multitude of homelands, from northern [[Sunteria]] to the northernmost islands of [[Loremesia]].

Azkali is the native language of approximately 64.76% of [[Azkali]]. A majority of Azkali speakers reside outside of the territory of [[Azkali]].

Azkali is the native language of approximately 64.76% of [[Azkali]]; almost all Azkali citizens speak it to some degree. A majority of Azkali speakers reside outside of the territory of [[Azkali]].

== History ==

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=== Astseredontia ===

In the past, [[Oikan]] Astseredontia was commonly used to write Azkali. Nowadays, it has been superseded by the Azkali alphabet or Ukilen logographs.

In the past, [[Oikan]] Astseredontia was commonly used to write Azkali. Nowadays, it has been mostly superseded by the Azkali alphabet or Ukilen logographs. However, it still remains a common way of writing Azkali in communities along the Sunteria-Azkali border.

== Grammar ==

Azkali is a decisively [[W:Agglutinative language|agglutinative]] language. Azkali nouns contain two definitenesses (Definite, and Indefinite), 6 cases (Nominative, Accusative, Dative, Ablative, Possessive, and Privative), and three numbers (Singular, Paucal, and Plural). Azkali verbs conjugate for three or four tenses (the Far Past, Past, and Non Past, with a dialectal future construction), and 3 moods (Indicative, Conditional, and the Imperative), and 4 aspects (Perfective, Imperfective, Habitual, and Inchoative). Azkali verbs also contain 2 participle forms (Past and Present), the gerund, and the agentive.

Azkali grammar is notably different from other languages in Ukilen. However, due to extensive contact with languages such as [[Oikan]] and [[Baphian language|Baphian]], Azkali's grammar shares some notable features with them. In the past, and continuing on up until around the 1980s ~~even~~, Azkali grammar was far more irregular and was more differentiated from languages in Ukilen.

Azkali grammar is notably different from other languages in Ukilen. However, due to extensive contact with languages such as [[Oikan]] and [[Baphian language|Baphian]], Azkali's grammar shares some notable features with them. In the past, and continuing on up until around the 1980s, Azkali grammar was far more irregular and was more differentiated from languages in Ukilen.

=== Consonant and Vowel Mutation ===

Consonant and vowel mutation occurs in specific grammatical and phonological scenarios in Azkali. There are three main types of mutation, all occurring in different scenarios: White Mutation (''Kenaikois''), Gray Mutation (''Kesunokois''), and Purple Mutation''.'' (''Poihekois'') Mutation is not usually reflected in the spelling of the word of which is mutated.

Mutation is one of the most novel evolutions in Azkali, evolving only around the upheaval of the 1980s and 1990s.

Mutation is one of the most novel evolutions in Azkali, evolving only around the upheaval of the 1980s and 1990s. Most international Azkali speakers have evolved this form of mutation (with several isolated exceptions, however).

==== White Mutation ====

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! rowspan="3" |

! colspan="5" |Singular

! colspan="3" |Plural

! colspan="3" |Dual/Plural

|-

! rowspan="2" |1st

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==== Number ====

There are three grammatical numbers in Azkali. They are the singular, paucal, and plural. Uniquely, pronouns only decline for the singular and plural numbers; paucal groups take the plural marker. The singular number is not marked. The paucal number is marked with ''-(a)tz''. The plural number, meanwhile, is usually marked with ''-(e)k.'' All markers are placed at the end of the noun, with all other markings in the noun being placed before the number marking.

There are three grammatical numbers in Azkali. They are the singular, paucal, and plural. Uniquely, pronouns only decline for the singular and plural numbers; paucal groups take the plural marker. The singular number is not marked, being treated as the default number. The paucal number is marked with ''-(a)tz''. The plural number, meanwhile, is usually marked with ''-(e)k.'' All markers are placed at the end of the noun, with all other markings in the noun being placed before the number marking.

The paucal and plural numbers take slightly different forms based on what, if any case precedes them. The table below lists their forms:

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==== Articles ====

There are two main articles in Azkali that are used, being the definite and indefinite articles respectively.

There are two main articles in Azkali that are used, being the definite and indefinite articles respectively. The indefinite article is usually not marked, and is treated as the default article. If clarification is needed, a particle '''than''' is inserted. The definite article is marked via a circumfix '''a- (...) -(n)a.'''

=== Verbs ===

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''Main article: [[G'torrugh]]''

G'torrugh is a register of Azkali that is rarely discussed, much less taught or understood. The origins of this register are not known; however, it is at the very youngest 500 years old. Nowadays, the register is only used by people living within or around the town of [[Harakoniaz]], in Southeastern Azkali, and in very specific contexts. These contexts usually are also entangled with religious events and activities, but are also used when discussing art. Generally, G'torrugh is used when expressing precise and difficult-to-explain concepts, and more novelly, new or invented concepts.

G'torrugh is a register of Azkali that is rarely discussed, much less taught or understood. The origins of this register are not known; however, it is at the very youngest 500 years old (this age is claimed due to archaic grammatical rules that are typical to late-medieval Azkali). Nowadays, the register is only used by people living within or around the town of [[Harakoniaz]], in Southeastern Azkali, and in very specific contexts. These contexts usually are also entangled with religious events and activities, but are also used when discussing art. Generally, G'torrugh is used when expressing precise and difficult-to-explain concepts, and more novelly, new or invented concepts.

The G'torrugh register is difficult to learn for most Azkali speakers; a large amount of the colloquial register's vocabulary is replaced with words that are considered old, traditional, or out-of-style. In addition, there are several phonemes in G'torrugh that are not present in both Turruist and Colloquial Azkali - such as the glottal stop /ʔ/ and /g/.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Infobox:Language|Speakers=16.8 million|LanguageFamily=Language isolate|AlternativeName=Askali, Askal|LanguageName=Azkali|NativeLanguage=Azkali Patua|LanguageNPrnnctn=[æs̻.'kali pa.tu.'a]|RegulatedBy=None|OfficialLanguage=[[Azkali]], [[Baphia]], [[Sunteria]]|3LetterCode=AZK|SignedForms=[[Azkali Sign Language]]|WritingSystem=[[Azkali alphabet]] [[Ukilen logographs]]}}'''Azkali''' (''Azkali, Azkali Patua'' /as.kali/, [æs̻.'kali pa.tu.'a]) is a language spoken throughout much of the continents of [[Ukilen]] and [[Brausia]], as well as across much of the rest of the world. It was the official and majority language of the [[Azkali|Azkali State]] during its existance. It also is an official language in [[Baphia]], aswell as being a large minority language throughout much of [[Sunteria]], [[Jkawi]], [[Loremesia]], and [[Alloti]]. A majority of the speakers of the Azkali language reside outside of [[Azkali]], primarily due to immigration following the [[1980 Azkali Plague|1980 plague]] outbreak. Most of these "international Azkali speakers" reside in [[Alloti]].
-Azkali is a [[W:Language isolate|language isolate]], with no relationship to any other language (aside from the dialect or sister-language of ''[[Ezkaudi]]'') having been concretely proven. It is one of, if not the only surviving language isolate in [[Ukilen]]. The current most substantiated theory on the [[Azkali origin theories|origin of the Azkali peoples]] is that the progenitors of the Azkali peoples resided in [[northeastern Baphia]]. Other theories claim a multitude of homelands, from northern [[Sunteria]] to the northernmost islands of [[Loremesia]].
+Azkali is a [[W:Language isolate|language isolate]] - one of, if not the only of which still remains in Ukilen - with no relationship to any other language (aside from the dialect or sister-language of ''[[Ezkaudi]]'') having been concretely proven. It is one of, if not the only surviving language isolate in [[Ukilen]]. The current most substantiated theory on the [[Azkali origin theories|origin of the Azkali peoples]] is that the progenitors of the Azkali peoples resided in [[northeastern Baphia]]. Other theories claim a multitude of homelands, from northern [[Sunteria]] to the northernmost islands of [[Loremesia]].
-Azkali is the native language of approximately 64.76% of [[Azkali]]. A majority of Azkali speakers reside outside of the territory of [[Azkali]].
+Azkali is the native language of approximately 64.76% of [[Azkali]]; almost all Azkali citizens speak it to some degree. A majority of Azkali speakers reside outside of the territory of [[Azkali]].
 == History ==
@@ Line 315: / Line 315: @@
 === Astseredontia ===
-In the past, [[Oikan]] Astseredontia was commonly used to write Azkali. Nowadays, it has been superseded by the Azkali alphabet or Ukilen logographs.
+In the past, [[Oikan]] Astseredontia was commonly used to write Azkali. Nowadays, it has been mostly superseded by the Azkali alphabet or Ukilen logographs. However, it still remains a common way of writing Azkali in communities along the Sunteria-Azkali border.
 == Grammar ==
 Azkali is a decisively [[W:Agglutinative language|agglutinative]] language. Azkali nouns contain two definitenesses (Definite, and Indefinite), 6 cases (Nominative, Accusative, Dative, Ablative, Possessive, and Privative), and three numbers (Singular, Paucal, and Plural). Azkali verbs conjugate for three or four tenses (the Far Past, Past, and Non Past, with a dialectal future construction), and 3 moods (Indicative, Conditional, and the Imperative), and 4 aspects (Perfective, Imperfective, Habitual, and Inchoative). Azkali verbs also contain 2 participle forms (Past and Present), the gerund, and the agentive.
-Azkali grammar is notably different from other languages in Ukilen. However, due to extensive contact with languages such as [[Oikan]] and [[Baphian language|Baphian]], Azkali's grammar shares some notable features with them. In the past, and continuing on up until around the 1980s even, Azkali grammar was far more irregular and was more differentiated from languages in Ukilen.
+Azkali grammar is notably different from other languages in Ukilen. However, due to extensive contact with languages such as [[Oikan]] and [[Baphian language|Baphian]], Azkali's grammar shares some notable features with them. In the past, and continuing on up until around the 1980s, Azkali grammar was far more irregular and was more differentiated from languages in Ukilen.
 === Consonant and Vowel Mutation ===
 Consonant and vowel mutation occurs in specific grammatical and phonological scenarios in Azkali. There are three main types of mutation, all occurring in different scenarios: White Mutation (''Kenaikois''), Gray Mutation (''Kesunokois''), and Purple Mutation''.'' (''Poihekois'') Mutation is not usually reflected in the spelling of the word of which is mutated.
-Mutation is one of the most novel evolutions in Azkali, evolving only around the upheaval of the 1980s and 1990s.
+Mutation is one of the most novel evolutions in Azkali, evolving only around the upheaval of the 1980s and 1990s. Most international Azkali speakers have evolved this form of mutation (with several isolated exceptions, however).
 ==== White Mutation ====
@@ Line 421: / Line 421: @@
 ! rowspan="3" |
 ! colspan="5" |Singular
-! colspan="3" |Plural
+! colspan="3" |Dual/Plural
 |-
 ! rowspan="2" |1st
@@ Line 756: / Line 756: @@
 ==== Number ====
-There are three grammatical numbers in Azkali. They are the singular, paucal, and plural. Uniquely, pronouns only decline for the singular and plural numbers; paucal groups take the plural marker. The singular number is not marked. The paucal number is marked with ''-(a)tz''. The plural number, meanwhile, is usually marked with ''-(e)k.'' All markers are placed at the end of the noun, with all other markings in the noun being placed before the number marking.
+There are three grammatical numbers in Azkali. They are the singular, paucal, and plural. Uniquely, pronouns only decline for the singular and plural numbers; paucal groups take the plural marker. The singular number is not marked, being treated as the default number. The paucal number is marked with ''-(a)tz''. The plural number, meanwhile, is usually marked with ''-(e)k.'' All markers are placed at the end of the noun, with all other markings in the noun being placed before the number marking.
 The paucal and plural numbers take slightly different forms based on what, if any case precedes them. The table below lists their forms:
@@ Line 792: / Line 792: @@
 ==== Articles ====
-There are two main articles in Azkali that are used, being the definite and indefinite articles respectively.
+There are two main articles in Azkali that are used, being the definite and indefinite articles respectively. The indefinite article is usually not marked, and is treated as the default article. If clarification is needed, a particle '''than''' is inserted. The definite article is marked via a circumfix '''a- (...) -(n)a.'''
 === Verbs ===
@@ Line 878: / Line 878: @@
 ''Main article: [[G'torrugh]]''
-G'torrugh is a register of Azkali that is rarely discussed, much less taught or understood. The origins of this register are not known; however, it is at the very youngest 500 years old. Nowadays, the register is only used by people living within or around the town of [[Harakoniaz]], in Southeastern Azkali, and in very specific contexts. These contexts usually are also entangled with religious events and activities, but are also used when discussing art. Generally, G'torrugh is used when expressing precise and difficult-to-explain concepts, and more novelly, new or invented concepts.
+G'torrugh is a register of Azkali that is rarely discussed, much less taught or understood. The origins of this register are not known; however, it is at the very youngest 500 years old (this age is claimed due to archaic grammatical rules that are typical to late-medieval Azkali). Nowadays, the register is only used by people living within or around the town of [[Harakoniaz]], in Southeastern Azkali, and in very specific contexts. These contexts usually are also entangled with religious events and activities, but are also used when discussing art. Generally, G'torrugh is used when expressing precise and difficult-to-explain concepts, and more novelly, new or invented concepts.
 The G'torrugh register is difficult to learn for most Azkali speakers; a large amount of the colloquial register's vocabulary is replaced with words that are considered old, traditional, or out-of-style. In addition, there are several phonemes in G'torrugh that are not present in both Turruist and Colloquial Azkali - such as the glottal stop /ʔ/ and /g/.