Alhi language: Difference between revisions
imported>Benzenehydro No edit summary |
imported>Benzenehydro No edit summary |
||
| Line 788: | Line 788: | ||
|''kelonto'' 'He, she, they, it play' | |''kelonto'' 'He, she, they, it play' | ||
|''kelıt'' 'They play (plural)' | |''kelıt'' 'They play (plural)' | ||
|} | |||
==== The habitual aspect ==== | |||
The habitual aspect in Alhi is the second of the two synthetic aspects in Alhi. It is used to describe permanent / long-lasting states of being and actions that occur habitually or repeatedly. The habitual aspect distinguishes less moods and tenses than the non-aspectual, as it only has an indicative, in which the present and past tenses are distinguished, and a subjunctive with no tense distinctions. All of the forms of the habitual are formed with an ''e(h)-'' prefix. | |||
===== The indicative mood ===== | |||
The indicative mood in the habitual aspect is considered the default and most simple, as it is used for real statements. This mood in the habitual aspect distinguishes two tenses, present and past. | |||
====== The present ====== | |||
The present indicative habitual is used to describe on-going or current habitual actions / states. The forms for this are derived from the non-aspectual indicative present forms. | |||
* '''Ejul ei''' ilikin. — '''He eats a lot''' of pancakes. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+Present indicative habitual forms of ''kelun'' 'to play' | |||
! | |||
!Singular | |||
!Plural | |||
|- | |||
|'''First person''' | |||
|''ekela'' 'I play' | |||
|''ekelau'' 'We play' | |||
|- | |||
|'''Second person''' | |||
|''ekelo'' 'You play' | |||
|''ekelu'' 'You play (plural)' | |||
|- | |||
|'''Third person''' | |||
|''ekel'' 'He, she, they, it plays' | |||
|''ekeleu'' 'They play (plural)' | |||
|} | |||
====== The past ====== | |||
The past indicative habitual is used to describe habitual actions / states that happened in the past, corresponding to "used to". The forms for this are derived from the non-aspectual indicative ''near past'' forms. | |||
* '''Ejulta ei''' ilikin. — '''He used to eat''' pancakes. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+Past indicative habitual forms of ''kelun'' 'to play' | |||
! | |||
!Singular | |||
!Plural | |||
|- | |||
|'''First person''' | |||
|''ekelat'' 'I used to play' | |||
|''ekelut'' 'We used to play' | |||
|- | |||
|'''Second person''' | |||
|''ekelok'' 'You used to play' | |||
|''ekelota'' 'You used to play (plural)' | |||
|- | |||
|'''Third person''' | |||
|''ekelta'' 'He, she, they, it used to play' | |||
|''ekelt'' 'They used to play (plural)' | |||
|} | |||
==== The perfect aspect ==== | |||
The perfect aspect in Alhi is one of many periphrastic verbal forms. It is formed with the construction of '''infinitive form of verb + non-aspectual indicative far-past conjugation of ''vulun'''''. It corresponds to "have [verb]-ed/-en". | |||
* '''Edosun souj''' oum! — '''I have thrown''' that! | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+Perfect aspect forms of ''kelun'' 'to play' | |||
! | |||
!Singular | |||
!Plural | |||
|- | |||
|'''First person''' | |||
|''kelun souj'' 'I have played' | |||
|''kelun soj'' 'We have played' | |||
|- | |||
|'''Second person''' | |||
|''kelun suj'' 'You have played' | |||
|''kelun suj'' 'You have played (plural)' | |||
|- | |||
|'''Third person''' | |||
|''kelun seija'' 'He, she, they, it have played' | |||
|''kelun seca'' 'They have played (plural)' | |||
|} | |} | ||