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Hngatil grammar: Difference between revisions

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==== To be (ty-arri) ====
==== To be (ty-arri) ====
The copula in Hngatil, ''arri'', can only conjugate for the perfective, habitual, progressive, and gnomic aspects, but it conjugates for all of the moods and all of the classifiers. ''Arri'' is a secondary mode verb. Each verbal aspect that the copula conjugates for has different forms due to suppletion — though there are some old irregularities still preserved in the modern conjugation.
The copula in Hngatil, ''arri'', does not conjugate for classifiers. It is defective in aspectual marking, only marking for the perfective, momentane, progressive, stative, gnomic, and habitual aspects.  
{| class="wikitable"
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! colspan="15" |Perfective aspect
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!Perfective stem, ''arri''
!SO
!RO
!EO
!SFI
!LO
!OC
!CC
!AO
!SAO
!IO
!PO
!LTO
!SMO
!RO
|-
!Indicative
|arri
|arritypa
| colspan="2" |arriki
|apirri
|arripi
|ahrapi
|arrik'u
|k'uarri
|arŵa
|arrikit
|arra
| colspan="2" |addirri
|-
!Conditional
|adgi
|dgitypa
|kidgi
|kirragi
|dgirrpi
|dgiprrai
|hripi
|dgikhrru
|dgurri
|dgiiŵuu
|dgikit
|adgaau
|adgihri
|adgihru
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!Optative
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!Presumptive
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!Inferential
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! colspan="15" |Habitual aspect
|-
!Habitual stem, ''mu''
!SO
!RO
!EO
!SFI
!LO
!OC
!CC
!AO
!SAO
!IO
!PO
!LTO
!SMO
!RO
|-
!Indicative
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!Conditional
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!Optative
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!Presumptive
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!Inferential
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! colspan="15" |Progressive aspect
|-
!Progressive stem, ''ggu''
!SO
!RO
!EO
!SFI
!LO
!OC
!CC
!AO
!SAO
!IO
!PO
!LTO
!SMO
!RO
|-
!Indicative
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!Conditional
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!Optative
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!Presumptive
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!Inferential
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! colspan="15" |Gnomic aspect
|-
!Gnomic stem, ''biun''
!SO
!RO
!EO
!SFI
!LO
!OC
!CC
!AO
!SAO
!IO
!PO
!LTO
!SMO
!RO
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!Indicative
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!Conditional
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!Optative
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!Presumptive
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!Inferential
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==== To have (tya-nna) ====
==== To have (tya-nna) ====


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=== Infinitive ===
=== Infinitive ===
The infinitive in Hngatil is formed by two processes: first, if the verb uses long vowels, they are changed to short vowels, and if the verb uses short vowels, the length remains the same. Secondly, the prefix ''ty(a)-'' is added to the beginning of the verb. The infinitive of to be is ''tyarri'', the infinitve of to have is ''tyanna'', and the infinitive of to give is ''tyahmida''.
The infinitive in Hngatil is formed by two processes: first, if the verb uses long vowels, they are changed to short vowels, and if the verb uses short vowels, the length remains the same. Secondly, the prefix ''ty(a)-'' is added to the beginning of the verb. The infinitive of to be is ''tyarri'', the infinitive of to have is ''tyanna'', and the infinitive of to give is ''tyahmida''.


== Nominal morphology ==
== Nominal morphology ==
Retrieved from "https://lot.icosahedr.online/wiki/Hngatil_grammar"