Azkali language: Difference between revisions

Line 7:

=== Proto-Azkali (6000-8000 BCE?) ===

See main article: ''[[Proto Azkali language]]''

See main article: ''[[Proto-Azkali language]]''

=== Early Azkali (500 BCE) ===

Line 47:

== Grammar ==

''See main article: [[Azkali grammar]]''

Azkali is one of the prime examples of an ergative language. In Azkali, the subject of an intransitive verb and the object of a transitive verb are rendered in the ''absolutive'' case - the subject of a transitive verb is rendered in the ''ergative'' case. This is in opposition to all extant Mallo-Brausian languages, which are what are known as accusative languages, whereby the subject of both transitive and intransitive verbs are in the nominative case, with the object of a transitive verb being in the accusative case. Ergativity in Azkali evolved from [[Proto-Azkali language|Proto Azkali]], which had a split-ergative system based on tense.

Azkali nouns are overtly declined for six grammatical cases (the '''ergative, absolutive, possessive, privative, dative,''' and '''instrumental''') and three numbers (the '''singular, paucal,''' and '''plural'''), with any type of grammatical gender being completely absent in all attested dialects. Azkali verbs conjugate for four moods (the '''indicative, conditional, hypothetical''', and '''imperative'''), three tenses (the '''far past, past,''' and '''non past'''), and person. Azkali verbs also have past and future participle, gerundive, and agentive forms. Within the context of languages in Azkali, Azkali is notable for wholey lacking grammatical aspect. Save irregular verbs, Azkali verbs have some fifteen unique verbal forms.

Line 73:

Line 75:

This is contrasted by verbs, which are generally much simpler. For example, the verb ''ezingira'', meaning ''to have needed long ago'', can simply be broken down as ''ezi-'', the far past indicative prefix, and ''ngira'', the verbal root meaning to need. Azkali verbs are very regular, only containing some four irregular verbs, and only two different sets of conjugations (usually called ''declension classes'' when discussing Azkali).

Azkali is a strictly subject-verb-object language, contrasting with its neighboring Mallo-Brausian and Paleo-Azkali languages. Pronouns are never deleted, even when they are clear by context; as such, Azkali is classified as an anti pro-drop language.

Azkali is primarily a head-initial language. Azkali nouns go before adjectives, auxiliary verbs go before main verbs, and possesses go before possessors. Notably, Azkali uses a combination of postpositions and prepositions, with prepositions predominating. Further still, a number of prepositions fuse with the noun they modify.

== Dialects ==

@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 === Proto-Azkali (6000-8000 BCE?) ===
-See main article: ''[[Proto Azkali language]]''
+See main article: ''[[Proto-Azkali language]]''
 === Early Azkali (500 BCE) ===
@@ Line 47: / Line 47: @@
 == Grammar ==
 ''See main article: [[Azkali grammar]]''
+Azkali is one of the prime examples of an ergative language. In Azkali, the subject of an intransitive verb and the object of a transitive verb are rendered in the ''absolutive'' case - the subject of a transitive verb is rendered in the ''ergative'' case. This is in opposition to all extant Mallo-Brausian languages, which are what are known as accusative languages, whereby the subject of both transitive and intransitive verbs are in the nominative case, with the object of a transitive verb being in the accusative case. Ergativity in Azkali evolved from [[Proto-Azkali language|Proto Azkali]], which had a split-ergative system based on tense.
 Azkali nouns are overtly declined for six grammatical cases (the '''ergative, absolutive, possessive, privative, dative,''' and '''instrumental''') and three numbers (the '''singular, paucal,''' and '''plural'''), with any type of grammatical gender being completely absent in all attested dialects. Azkali verbs conjugate for four moods (the '''indicative, conditional, hypothetical''', and '''imperative'''), three tenses (the '''far past, past,''' and '''non past'''), and person. Azkali verbs also have past and future participle, gerundive, and agentive forms. Within the context of languages in Azkali, Azkali is notable for wholey lacking grammatical aspect. Save irregular verbs, Azkali verbs have some fifteen unique verbal forms.
@@ Line 73: / Line 75: @@
 This is contrasted by verbs, which are generally much simpler. For example, the verb ''ezingira'', meaning ''to have needed long ago'', can simply be broken down as ''ezi-'', the far past indicative prefix, and ''ngira'', the verbal root meaning to need. Azkali verbs are very regular, only containing some four irregular verbs, and only two different sets of conjugations (usually called ''declension classes'' when discussing Azkali).
 Azkali is a strictly subject-verb-object language, contrasting with its neighboring Mallo-Brausian and Paleo-Azkali languages. Pronouns are never deleted, even when they are clear by context; as such, Azkali is classified as an anti pro-drop language.
+Azkali is primarily a head-initial language. Azkali nouns go before adjectives, auxiliary verbs go before main verbs, and possesses go before possessors. Notably, Azkali uses a combination of postpositions and prepositions, with prepositions predominating. Further still, a number of prepositions fuse with the noun they modify.
 == Dialects ==