Tova language: Difference between revisions

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|''uttulvinina''

|}

''Plural forms are colloquially pronounced with no vowel between the /v/ and /n/. '''Uttulvini''' would be pronounced like '''uttulvni'''.''

=== Verbs ===

Tovan verbs are arguably the most complicated part of Tovan grammar. Tova is highly synthetic, and verbs conjugate for a multitude of tenses, aspects, moods, persons, numbers, genders, and voices. Tova is also polypersonal as verbs have their subjects and direct objects marked on them.

As is typical for verbs in nearly every language, Tovan verbs express actions and states of being. They undergo inflection for the following categories:

* '''Tense''': non-past and past

* '''Aspect''': non-habitual and habitual

* '''Mood''': indicative, subjunctive, and imperative

* '''Person''': first, second, and third

* '''Number''': singular and plural

* '''Gender''': (only in the third person singular) animate and inanimate

* '''Voice''': active and passive

* '''Arguments''': subject and direct object

These categories apply specifically to the first verb form of roots, like ''lasana'' 'to speak' from the root ''l-s-n'' 'relating to speaking'. Other forms have different meanings, the second form of the root ''l-s-n'' is ''lassana'' which means 'to cause to speak'. Some forms are used specifically for other aspects like the perfect or progressive.

Verbs are formed from roots, and each root has, at most, 9 different forms. The different forms are: ''basic, causative, progressive, reciprocal, intensive, reflexive, perfect, inchoative,'' and ''cessative''. Some forms may be combined with others, like a ''causative-progressive'' and a ''causative-reflexive''.

==== Verbal inflection ====

This section will cover each part that a verb conjugates for.

===== Person, number, and gender =====

Every verb in Tova conjugates for three different persons, two different numbers, and in the third-person singular, two genders. Tova is pro-drop for both the subject and direct object.

@@ Line 477: / Line 477: @@
 |''uttulvinina''
 |}
+''Plural forms are colloquially pronounced with no vowel between the /v/ and /n/. '''Uttulvini''' would be pronounced like '''uttulvni'''.''
+=== Verbs ===
+Tovan verbs are arguably the most complicated part of Tovan grammar. Tova is highly synthetic, and verbs conjugate for a multitude of tenses, aspects, moods, persons, numbers, genders, and voices. Tova is also polypersonal as verbs have their subjects and direct objects marked on them.
+As is typical for verbs in nearly every language, Tovan verbs express actions and states of being. They undergo inflection for the following categories:
+* '''Tense''': non-past and past
+* '''Aspect''': non-habitual and habitual
+* '''Mood''': indicative, subjunctive, and imperative
+* '''Person''': first, second, and third
+* '''Number''': singular and plural
+* '''Gender''': (only in the third person singular) animate and inanimate
+* '''Voice''': active and passive
+* '''Arguments''': subject and direct object
+These categories apply specifically to the first verb form of roots, like ''lasana'' 'to speak' from the root ''l-s-n'' 'relating to speaking'. Other forms have different meanings, the second form of the root ''l-s-n'' is ''lassana'' which means 'to cause to speak'. Some forms are used specifically for other aspects like the perfect or progressive.
+Verbs are formed from roots, and each root has, at most, 9 different forms. The different forms are: ''basic, causative, progressive, reciprocal, intensive, reflexive, perfect, inchoative,'' and ''cessative''. Some forms may be combined with others, like a ''causative-progressive'' and a ''causative-reflexive''.
+==== Verbal inflection ====
+This section will cover each part that a verb conjugates for.
+===== Person, number, and gender =====
+Every verb in Tova conjugates for three different persons, two different numbers, and in the third-person singular, two genders. Tova is pro-drop for both the subject and direct object.