Kzmr language: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox:Language|LanguageName=Kzmr|NativeLanguage={{Kzmr|KZMR`}}|NativePronunciation=[[w:Help:IPA|[kəzamr̩ tɵ̞ðr̩]]]|Speakers= | <nowiki>{{delete|Page topic no longer exists.}}</nowiki>{{Infobox:Language|LanguageName=Kzmr|NativeLanguage={{Kzmr|KZMR`}}|NativePronunciation=[[w:Help:IPA|[kəzamr̩ tɵ̞ðr̩]]]|Speakers=3.4 million|LanguageFamily=[[Proto-Ukilen]]|WritingSystem=[[Ukilen logographs#Traditional|Traditional Ukilen]]|OfficialLanguage=[[Baphia]], [[Kzmr]]|3Lettercode=KZM}}'''Kzmr''' ({{Kzmr|KZMR`}} ''tþru Kzmrk'', <small>pronunciation: </small>[[w:Help:IPA|[tɵ̞ðr̩ kəzamrak]]]) is a [[Proto-Ukilen]] [[w:dialect continuum|dialect continuum]] spoken in [[Kzmr]] and some parts of western [[Baphia]] primarily by the [[Kzmrš|Kkzmrš]]. It is the official language of Kzmr itself, and also held official status in the former [[Kzmr Autonomous Country]]. | ||
Collectively, the varieties of the Kzmr language form the Kzmric branch of the Proto-Ukilen family. The dialect continuum as a whole is [[w:Pluricentric language|pluricentric]], with the [[Srn Kzmr|Srn]] variety having prestige status in most of the country and [[Šžtcu Kzmr|Šžtcu]] being dominant in the far north. All varieties of the language are written in [[Traditional Ukilen logographs|traditional Ukilen]]. | Collectively, the varieties of the Kzmr language form the Kzmric branch of the Proto-Ukilen family. The dialect continuum as a whole is [[w:Pluricentric language|pluricentric]], with the [[Srn Kzmr|Srn]] variety having prestige status in most of the country and [[Šžtcu Kzmr|Šžtcu]] being dominant in the far north. All varieties of the language are written in [[Traditional Ukilen logographs|traditional Ukilen]]. | ||
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=== Šzþ Kzmr === | === Šzþ Kzmr === | ||
Due to the lack of phonetic writing in early Kzmr usages of traditional Ukilen, it is difficult to delineate the history of the language cluster into separate periods. Nonetheless, the variety used in the [[Šzþ|ššzþ]], or traditional epic poems of the | Due to the lack of phonetic writing in early Kzmr usages of traditional Ukilen, it is difficult to delineate the history of the language cluster into separate periods. Nonetheless, the variety used in the [[Šzþ|ššzþ]], or traditional epic poems of the Kkzmrš, has various distinctive syntactical features not shared with modern varieties, and is thus classified by linguists as the distinct Šzþ Kzmr form. Some bionyms in the [[Baphian language|Baphian]] and [[Jkawi language|Jkawi]] languages are speculated to be loaned from this early variety. | ||
=== Modern Kzmr === | === Modern Kzmr === | ||
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Defective nouns are a variety of indeclinable nouns which are assigned their syntactic role by using one of two topical postpositions and replacing their intended place in the sentence with a pronominal. The two topical postpositions are ''bþ'', used when the topic takes an agentive or patientive role, and ''nn'' used otherwise. Baphian loans, as well as abbreviated forms of Kzmr nouns, are frequently defective nouns. Take the following sentence, for instance: | Defective nouns are a variety of indeclinable nouns which are assigned their syntactic role by using one of two topical postpositions and replacing their intended place in the sentence with a pronominal. The two topical postpositions are ''bþ'', used when the topic takes an agentive or patientive role, and ''nn'' used otherwise. Baphian loans, as well as abbreviated forms of Kzmr nouns, are frequently defective nouns. Take the following sentence, for instance: | ||
''''Kshkhi bþ | ''''Kshkhi bþ hhnry þ' h'u.'''<br/><code>kuzeke.elang TOP play-PRES.IMPF 1-NOM 3.INAM-ACC</code><br/>''I play [[kuzeke elang]].'' | ||
The literal meaning of this expression could be translated as "As for kuzeke elang, I play it." | The literal meaning of this expression could be translated as "As for kuzeke elang, I play it." | ||
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Kzmr word order is primarily VSO. | Kzmr word order is primarily VSO. | ||
[[Category:Languages]] | |||