Otzeipaonese: Difference between revisions
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The '''Otzeipaonese language''' (Oikan: | The '''Otzeipaonese language''' (Otzeipaonese: ''Ro-otzibao a-patoa'', Oikan: ''otseipauto'' or ''paunadu'', Azkali: ''Anotzeipaona patua''), also known as the '''Otzeipao dialect''', or '''Paonadu''', is a language variously described as a mixed language or occasionally a creole, or dialect of Oikan or Azkali spoken in Western Azkali, particularly centered around Otzeipao, and Pordmisktpelha, and to a lesser extant widely across Kalilonde, Sunteria. Due to it's nature as a mixed language, Otzeipaonese is not a part of the Mallo-Brausian language family, nor is it a member of the Azkali languages. Otzeipaonese is mutually intelligible with both Oikan and Azkali, though it remains somewhat more intelligible — though not to an extent where it would be completely intelligible — to Azkali. | ||
With an estimated three and a half million speakers, Otzeipaonese remains the second largest mixed language in which Azkali is a parent language of (the first being Turku Azkali). Otzeipaonese has remained a lingua franca across the Suntero-Azkali border, though declining in recent years due to the influence of both Oikan and Azkali — which virtually all Otzeipaonese speakers can also speak. Otzeipaonese | With an estimated three and a half million speakers, Otzeipaonese remains the second largest mixed language in which Azkali is a parent language of (the first being Turku Azkali). Otzeipaonese has remained a lingua franca across the Suntero-Azkali border, though declining in recent years due to the influence of both Oikan and Azkali — which virtually all Otzeipaonese speakers can also speak. Otzeipaonese | ||
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!'''Palatal''' | !'''Palatal''' | ||
!'''Velar''' | !'''Velar''' | ||
! | !Labiovelar | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" |'''Nasal''' | ! colspan="2" |'''Nasal''' | ||
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/n/ | /n/ | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|'''ng''' | |||
/ŋ/ | |||
|'''ngm''' | |||
/ŋ͡m/ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! rowspan="2" |Plosive | ||
!<sub>voiceless</sub> | |||
|'''p''' | |'''p''' | ||
/p/ | /p/ | ||
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/t/ | /t/ | ||
| | | | ||
|'''ch''' | |||
/ | /tɕ/ | ||
|'''k''' | |'''k''' | ||
/k/ | /k/ | ||
|'''kp''' | |||
/k͡p/ | |||
|- | |||
!<sub>voiced</sub> | |||
|'''b''' | |||
/b/ | |||
|'''d''' | |||
/d/ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|'''g''' | |||
/g/ | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" | | ! colspan="2" |Affricate | ||
| | | | ||
|'''tz''' | |'''tz''' | ||
/ | /t͡s/ | ||
|'''ts''' | |||
/t̠͡ʂ/ | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
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!<sub>voiceless</sub> | !<sub>voiceless</sub> | ||
| | | | ||
|'''z''' | |||
/s/ | |||
|'''s''' | |||
/ʂ/ | |||
| | | | ||
|'''h''' | |||
/x/ | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
!<sub>voiced</sub> | !<sub>voiced</sub> | ||
|'''v''' | |||
/v/ | |||
| | | | ||
|'''zh''' | |||
/ʐ/ | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" |'''Approximant''' | ! colspan="2" |'''Approximant''' | ||
| | | | ||
|'''l''' | |'''l''' | ||
/l/ | /l/ | ||
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/j/ | /j/ | ||
| | | | ||
| | |'''w''' | ||
/w/ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" | | ! colspan="2" |Rhotic | ||
| | | | ||
|'''r''' | |'''r''' | ||
/ɾ/ | /ɾ~r/ | ||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! colspan="2" | | |||
!Front | |||
!Back | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" |Close | |||
!Unrounded | |||
|'''i''' | |||
/i/ | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
!Rounded | |||
|'''ú''' | |||
/y/ | |||
|'''u''' | |||
/u/ | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" |Mid | |||
!Unrounded | |||
|'''e''' | |||
/e/ | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
!Rounded | |||
|'''ó''' | |||
/ø/ | |||
|'''o''' | |||
/o/ | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" |Open | |||
| colspan="2" |'''a''' | |||
/a/ | |||
|} | |} | ||
== Morphology == | == Morphology == | ||
The morphology of Otzeipaonese remains remarkably unusual, and distinct from both Azkali and Oikan. | |||
=== Nouns === | |||
=== Pronouns === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ | |||
! colspan="3" | | |||
!Nominative | |||
!Accusative | |||
and Genitive | |||
!Privative | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="6" |Singular | |||
! colspan="2" |1p | |||
|e | |||
|ego | |||
|gótz | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" |2p | |||
!Informal | |||
|tu | |||
|tung | |||
|tungótz | |||
|- | |||
!Formal | |||
|ius | |||
|iuntz | |||
|iungóz | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="3" |3p | |||
!Masculine | |||
|mai | |||
|men | |||
|makóz | |||
|- | |||
!Feminine | |||
|kut | |||
|kuen | |||
|kekóz | |||
|- | |||
!Neutral | |||
|he | |||
|hent | |||
|hehóz | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="3" |Plural | |||
! colspan="2" |1p | |||
|tou | |||
|ten | |||
|taóz | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" |2p | |||
|tere | |||
|touru | |||
|taúz | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" |3p | |||
|tin | |||
|eti | |||
|etúz | |||
|} | |||
=== Verbs === | |||
=== Transitive verbs === | |||
== Morphophonology == | == Morphophonology == | ||
== Writing system == | == Writing system == | ||