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Hngatil grammar: Difference between revisions

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==== To have (tya-nna) ====
==== To have (tya-nna) ====
Nna is the verb root meaning ''to have''. It conjugates for all verbal aspects, and classifiers, but it does not conjugate for mood at all. Nna is also a commonly used verb in forming compound aspects. Nna has the most forms out of any verb in Hngatil, with [xyz].  
Nna is the verb root meaning ''to have''. It conjugates for all several aspects: the perfective, momentane, progressive, stative, gnomic, habitual, and cessative, and classifiers, but it does not conjugate for mood at all. Nna is also a commonly used verb in forming compound aspects. Nna has the most forms out of any verb in Hngatil, with [xyz].  
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+Nna forms in Hngatil
|+Nna forms in Hngatil
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|nngaka
|nngaka
|nngaguyt
|nngaguyt
|nngalauu
|nalau
|nngaludga
|nngaludga
|nngabda
|nngabda
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|ngma
|ngma
|ngmuuhra
|ngmuuhra
|ngmahrikpu
|krikpu
|ngmal
|ngmal
|ngmamman
|ngmamman
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|tyaty
|tyaty
|dyady
|dyady
|-
!Prospective
aspect
|hnaia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Habitual
aspect
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
!Progressive
!Progressive
aspect
aspect
|
|nnatypab
|
|katypab
|
|gutypab
|
|lautypab
|
|lutypab
|
|abtypab
|
|agbityab
|
|dybamab
|
|muutypab
|
|hridybab
|
|gadyab
|
|mmatyp
|
|tyatyb
|
|dyadyb
|-
|-
!Stative
!Stative
aspect
aspect
|
|matayi
|
|katayi
|
|gutayi
|
|latayi
|
|lutayui
|
|alutayui
|
|agbutayui
|
|dyutayui
|
|muutaya
|
|hrityui
|
|gatayi
|
|mmatayi
|
|tyayi
|
|dahri
|-
|-
!Gnomic  
!Gnomic
aspect
aspect
|
| colspan="2" |latayi
|
|lutayi
|
|latayi
|
|lutayi
|
| colspan="3" |alutayi
|
|umutayi
|
|uhrutayi
|
| colspan="2" |layi
|
|tayi
|
|dayi
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
!Continuative
!Habitual
aspect
aspect
|
| colspan="5" |nguud
|
| colspan="4" |ngadai
|
| colspan="3" |hngatai
|
|hratai
|
|rrati
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
!Inchoative
!Cessative
aspect
aspect
|
| colspan="14" |irraug
|
|-
|
! colspan="15" |Nonfinite forms
|
|
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|-
|-
!Cessative
!Auxiliary form
aspect
| colspan="14" |irraug
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|-
|-
!Iterative
!Infinitive form
aspect
| colspan="14" |tyanna
|
|
|
|
|
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|-
|-
!Segmentative
!Agentive form
aspect
| colspan="14" |nnad
|
|
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|-
|-
!Revisionary
!Gerund form
aspect
| colspan="14" |dynaka
|
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|-
|-
!Serial
! colspan="15" |Participle forms
aspect
|
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|-
|-
!Reversative
!
aspect
!Pfct.
|
!Mnt.
|
!St.
|
!Gn.
|
!Hb.
|
!Cs.
|
! colspan="8" rowspan="3" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|-
|-
!Distributive
!Active voice
aspect
|anna
|
|annul
|
|ahruul
|
|abuul
|
|aduulda
|
|ab
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
!Semiliterative
!Passive voice
aspect
|unnu
|
|unnul
|
|uhruul
|
|ubuudal
|
|uuduulda
|
|udbaudu
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
|}


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=== Auxiliary form ===
=== Auxiliary form ===
==== Uses of the auxiliary form ====


=== Infinitive form ===
=== Infinitive form ===
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!Concept, other
!Concept, other
| -rru(u)
| -rru(u)
|}
=== Pronouns ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! colspan="3" |
!Direct
case
!Inverse
case
|-
! rowspan="4" |Singular
! colspan="2" |1p
|dyuu
|p'aralla
|-
! colspan="2" |2p
|bbali
|p'atuulla
|-
! rowspan="2" |3p
!Masculine
|uty'i
|ity'illa
|-
!Feminine/neutral
|tpaga
|typ'anglla
|-
! rowspan="4" |Plural
! colspan="2" |1p
|p'iituu
|baulla
|-
! colspan="2" |2p
| colspan="2" |ggaklii
|-
! rowspan="2" |3p
!Masculine
|aty'a
|adyailla
|-
!Feminine/neutral
|nmirrit
|nidilla
|}
|}


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=== Word order ===
=== Word order ===
Basic word order in Hngatil depends on the transitivity of a verb in a phrase. For phrases that only contain an intransitive verb, or ambitransitive verbs that are used intransitively, the basic word order is as follows: ''Verb-Adjective-Subject''. For phrases that contain transitive, ditransitive, or ambritransitive verbs used transitively, the word order is ''Verb-Subject-Adjective-Direct Object-Indirect Object'', when applicable. Generally, however, Hngatil's word order is ''Verb-Subject-Object.''
There is no strict word order in Hngatil, though generally verbs come first in a clause.


== Examples ==
== Examples ==
Retrieved from "https://lot.icosahedr.online/wiki/Hngatil_grammar"