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'''Old Anhic''' (''anhāqa langva'' [[w:Help:IPA|[ɐn.hɐ̠ː.qɐ̠ lɐŋg.vɐ]]]) was a [[Mallo-Brausian language family|Mallo-Brausian]] language spoken around modern-day southern [[Sunteria]], [[Cysteia]] and [[Threonia]]. Old Anhic is in its own branch of Mallo-Brausian, but it seems to be closest to [[Elukka]] (''this can be removed at any time if wanted'').
'''Old Anhic''' (''anhāqa lānha'' [[w:Help:IPA|[ɐn.hɐ̠ː.qɐ̠ lɐːn.hɐ]]]) was a [[Mallo-Brausian language family|Mallo-Brausian]] language spoken around modern-day southern [[Sunteria]], [[Cysteia]] and [[Threonia]]. Old Anhic is in its own branch of Mallo-Brausian, but it seems to be closest to [[Elukka]] (''this can be removed at any time if wanted'').


{{Infobox:Language|LanguageName=Old Anhic|NativeLanguage=Anhāqa Langva|LanguageNPrnnctn=[ɐn.hɐ̠ː.qɐ̠ lɐŋg.vɐ]|LanguageFamily=Mallo-Brausian|3LetterCode=OAN}}
{{Infobox:Language|LanguageName=Old Anhic|NativeLanguage=Anhāqa Lānha|LanguageNPrnnctn=[ɐn.hɐ̠ː.qɐ̠ lɐːn.hɐ]|LanguageFamily=Mallo-Brausian|3LetterCode=OAN}}


== Name of the language ==
== Name of the language ==
The name of the language, ''Anhāqa'', is an adjective meaning '''anhic'' (relating to the Anrhic people or language)'. Etymologically, it is from the Proto-Mallo-Brausian word *h₂enh₁-ǵʰ-os, meaning 'person' or literally 'breather'. (''this can be removed at any time if wanted'').
The name of the language, ''Anhāqa'', is an adjective meaning '''anhic'' (relating to the Anhic people or language)'. Etymologically, it is from the Proto-Mallo-Brausian word *h₂enh₁-ǵʰ-os, meaning 'person' or literally 'breather'. (''this can be removed at any time if wanted'').


The language may also be referred to as ''Glangva'' 'The Language'.<!-- This is an example of Old Anhic crasis.
The language may also be referred to as ''Glangva'' 'The Language'.<!-- This is an example of Old Anhic crasis.
The element "ka" meaning 'this, the' is combined with the element "langva" meaning 'language'. -->
The element "ka" meaning 'this, the' is combined with the element "langva" meaning 'language'. -->
== Phonology ==
The phonemic inventory of Old Anhic is notable for its presence of uvular consonants, a rarity amongst most Mallo-Brausian languages.
=== Consonants ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Consonants of ''Old Anhic''
! colspan="2" |
!Labial
!Alveolar
!Palatal
!Velar
!Uvular
!Glottal
|-
! colspan="2" |Nasal
|''m''
|''n''
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |Plosive
!-V
|''p''
|''t''
|
|''k''
|''q''
|
|-
!+V
|''b''
|''d''
|
|''g''
|'''''ɢ''' gq''
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |Fricative
!-V
|
|''s''
|
|
|'''''χ''' ħ''
|''h''
|-
!+V
|''v''
|''z''
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |Approximant
|
|''l''
|'''''j''' y''
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" |Rhotic
|
|''r''
|
|
|
|
|}
This table shows the base consonantal phonemes. There are additional consonants: All plosives and the fricative '''/s/''' have geminated variants that appear in certain contexts.
Whenever an approximant is after a uvular consonant, that approximant becomes uvularized and causes vowel retraction.
* A sequence like '''/qsɐ/''' is pronounced as '''[qsɐ]'''.
* However, a sequence like '''/qjɐ/''' is pronounced as '''[qjʶɐ̠]'''.
=== Vowels ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Vowels of ''Old Anhic''
!
!Front
!Central
!Back
|-
!High
|''i''
|
|''u''
|-
!Mid
|''e''
|
|
|-
!Low
|
|'''''ɐ''' a''
|
|}
This table shows the base vowel phonemes. There are additional vowels: All vowels except /e/ have long variants. These are romanized with a macron diacritic on top of the base vowel.
==== Uvular realizations ====
Uvular consonants ('''/q/''', '''/ɢ/''', and '''/χ/''') cause vowels before and after them to be retracted.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Vowel realizations
!Plain
!Retracted
!Long
!Long + Retracted
|-
!/i/
|[ɨ]
!/iː/
|[ɨː]
|-
!/u/
|[u̠]
!/uː/
|[u̠ː]
|-
!/e/
|[ɘ]
!/ɐː/
|[ɐ̠ː] ~ [ɑː]
|-
!/ɐ/
|[ɐ̠]
! colspan="2" |
|}
=== Syllables ===
In Old Anhic, syllables are generally (C)V(C), but clusters of two consonants are also common. If three consonants were to cluster, an epenthetic /ɐ/ is inserted between the 2nd and 3rd consonant.
== Grammar and morphology ==
Old Anhic can be classified as a highly fusional language, as singular affixes are used to indicate multiple different features. The language does not employ many auxiliary verbs and also does not distinguish between certain aspects. For example, there is no grammatical distinction between 'I do' and 'I am doing' in Old Anhic. Many cases that were present in Proto-Mallo-Brausian have been lost and certain adpositions are used instead.
=== Nominals ===
Old Anhic has no grammatical gender, although vestiges of a gender system remain in some personal pronouns. To distinguish between male and female in certain words, an affixed form of the word ''vina'' 'woman', ''-ina'' is used. For example, ''kaqyārta'' 'student' becomes ''kaqyārtina'' 'female student'. These words with the ''-ina'' suffix decline like the word ''vina'' itself. All nouns and adjectives are declined for five cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, ablative, and dative), and two numbers (singular and plural), and there are multiple different declensions.
Pronouns also decline for the same five cases, but the genitive is called the possessive. The third-person pronouns have a three-way gender distinction of masculine, feminine, and neuter. The masculine and feminine genders are generally only used for animate referents, and the neuter for inanimates.
Adjectives agree in case, number, and 'definiteness' (see ''kappic and sigmatic forms'') with the noun they modify.
'''Example of a noun being declined'''
{| class="wikitable"
|+''anha'' '''<nowiki/>'person''''
!Case
!Singular
!Plural
|-
!Nominative
|anha
|anhā
|-
!Accusative
|anham
|anhaz
|-
!Genitive
|anhasya
|anhām
|-
!Ablative
|anhād
| rowspan="2" |anhāva
|-
!Dative
|anhā
|}
==== Kappic and sigmatic forms ====
A system of ''kappic'' and ''sigmatic'' forms is commonly used with nouns and adjectives. Kappic and sigmatic both refer to the addition of a consonant at the start of a nominal, ''k-'' and ''s-'', respectively. These forms are used as a way to indicate both spatial deixis and/or definiteness. The more common of the two is the ''kappic''. Adjectives can also be nominalized using these forms to have the meaning of 'the [adjective] one'. They are derived from the demonstratives '''''ka''''' 'this' and '''''sa''''' 'that'.
There are some phonological conditions that must be met in order for a word to have kappic and sigmatic forms. Some rules only apply to the kappic, and some to the sigmatic.
<u>The rules are:</u>
* The word must not start with more than one consonant.
* The word must not start with a plosive. (only applies to ''kappic'')
* The word must not start with /s/ or /z/. (only applies to ''sigmatic)''
Another rule is that if a word starts with ''h-'' or ''ħ-'', then it will be deleted and the ''k-'' or ''s-'' will replace it. For example, the word ''hirta'' 'way', has kappic and sigmatic forms ''kirta'' 'this, the way' and ''sirta'' 'that, the way'. But the word ''varman'' 'ash' has the forms ''gvarman'' and ''zvarman''. Note that if a word begins in a voiced consonant, the ''k-'' and ''s-'' are voiced to ''g-'' and ''z-''. Due to the rules, some words may only have one special form. Like ''gāza'' 'hand', which only has a valid sigmatic form ''zgāza.''
The rule of replacing ''h-'' or ''ħ-'' with ''k-'' or ''s-'' still has the other rules apply to it. For a word like ''htera'' 'star', the three rules listed previously should be applied as if the ''h'' was not there, so ''ktera'' is not a valid special form, but ''stera'' is.
==== Declension types ====
There are many different declensions that a nominal can be part of. This section will cover them.
'''The first declension'''
Words in this declension generally come from words that ended in *''-os'' in Proto-Mallo-Brausian. This is considered the default and first declension.
{| class="wikitable"
|
!Singular
!Plural
|-
!Nominative
| -a
| -ā
|-
!Accusative
| -am
| -az
|-
!Genitive
| -asya
| -ām
|-
!Ablative
| -ād
| -āva
|-
!Dative
| -ā
| -āva
|}
'''The second declension'''
Nominals in this declensions have the same nominative singular and accusative singular form in ''-am''. Words in this declension generally come from words that ended in *''-om'' in Proto-Mallo-Brausian.
{| class="wikitable"
|
!Singular
!Plural
|-
!Nominative
| -am
| -ā
|-
!Accusative
| -am
| -ā
|-
!Genitive
| -asya
| -ām
|-
!Ablative
| -ād
| -āva
|-
!Dative
| -ā
| -āva
|}
'''The third declension'''
Nominals in this declensions are very similar to the first declension, with the only difference being in the ablative singular and plural, and the dative plural. Words in this declension generally come from words that ended in *''-eh₂'' in Proto-Mallo-Brausian.
{| class="wikitable"
|
!Singular
!Plural
|-
!Nominative
| -a
| -ā
|-
!Accusative
| -am
| -az
|-
!Genitive
| -asya
| -ām
|-
!Ablative
| -a
| -aha
|-
!Dative
| -ā
| -aha
|}
'''The fourth declension'''
Nominals in this declensions are notable for their presence of an '''/i/''' in all affixes. Words in this declension generally come from words that ended in *''-is'' in Proto-Mallo-Brausian.
{| class="wikitable"
|
!Singular
!Plural
|-
!Nominative
| -ia
| -iā
|-
!Accusative
| -im
| -iz
|-
!Genitive
| -ia
| -iām
|-
!Ablative
| -id
| -īva
|-
!Dative
| -ī
| -īva
|}
'''The fifth declension'''
Nominals in this declension are notable for their presence of nasals in most affixes. Words in this declension generally come from words that ended in *''-mn̥'' in Proto-Mallo-Brausian. Words of this declension are almost always '''iotic''' deverbal nouns in ''-man.''
{| class="wikitable"
|
!Singular
!Plural
|-
!Nominative
| -man
| -ma
|-
!Accusative
| -man
| -ma
|-
!Genitive
| -maz
| -mana
|-
!Ablative
| -maz
| -mana
|-
!Dative
| -māni
| -mani
|}
'''The sixth declension'''
Nominals in this declension are notable for their presence of nasals in most affixes. Words in this declension generally come from words that ended in *''-mn̥'' in Proto-Mallo-Brausian. Words of this declension are almost always '''aniotic''' deverbal nouns in ''-an''.
{| class="wikitable"
|
!Singular
!Plural
|-
!Nominative
| -an
| -a
|-
!Accusative
| -an
| -a
|-
!Genitive
| -az
| -ana
|-
!Ablative
| -az
| -ana
|-
!Dative
| -āni
| -ani
|}
'''The seventh declension'''
Nominals in this declensions are notable for their presence of an '''/u/''' in all affixes. Words in this declension generally come from words that ended in *''-us'' in Proto-Mallo-Brausian.
{| class="wikitable"
|
!Singular
!Plural
|-
!Nominative
| -ua
| -uā
|-
!Accusative
| -um
| -uvaz
|-
!Genitive
| -uz
| -uām
|-
!Ablative
| -uz
| -ūva
|-
!Dative
| -ū
| -ūva
|}
'''The eighth declension'''
Words in this declension generally come from words that ended in *''-ōl'' in Proto-Mallo-Brausian.
{| class="wikitable"
|
!Singular
!Plural
|-
!Nominative
| -a
| -ā
|-
!Accusative
| -am
| -āz
|-
!Genitive
| -a
| -ām
|-
!Ablative
| -ad
| -ava
|-
!Dative
| -ā
| -ava
|}
'''The ninth declension'''
Words in this declension generally come from words that ended in ''*-r̥'' in Proto-Mallo-Brausian.
{| class="wikitable"
|
!Singular
!Plural
|-
!Nominative
| -a
| -ā
|-
!Accusative
| -am
| -āz
|-
!Genitive
| -az
| -ana
|-
!Ablative
| -az
| -ana
|-
!Dative
| -ani
| -ani
|}
'''Other unusual nouns'''
There are nouns that do not fit properly into a declension. Many of these are body parts, such as ''ħaqsa'' 'eye', and some of them have retained an unusual nominative plural in ''-ī''. These are preserved duals that have become the standard plural for these words and it is likely due to these nouns coming in pairs. 
=== Verbs ===
Verbs in Old Anhic are used to describe states, actions or occurrences. There are two types of verbs, plain and causative. All verbs are conjugated for three moods (indicative, subjunctive, and imperative), three tenses in the first two moods (present, past, future), number (sg. and pl.), and person (1, 2, 3), and voice (active, passive). Verbs of the 'plain' type only have two conjugations: ''iotic'' and ''aniotic'', which both refer to the presence and absence of a '''/j/''' in the conjugation affix, respectively. There is only one irregular verb in Old Anhic, ''hasyāta'' 'to be'.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Active indicative conjugations of an ''iotic'' and ''aniotic'' verb
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
! colspan="3" |Singular
! colspan="3" |Plural
|-
!1st
!2nd
!3rd
!1st
!2nd
!3rd
|-
! rowspan="3" |''anhāta'' 'to breathe'
<small>aniotic</small>
!Present
|anhāmi
|anhāsi
|anhāti
|anhāma
|anhāta
|anhātti
|-
!Past
|anham
|anha
|anhat
|anhama
|anhata
|anhatt
|-
!Future
|anhiham
|anhi
|anhit
|anhima
|anhita
|anhihatt
|-
! rowspan="3" |''dakkyāta'' 'to see'
<small>iotic</small>
!Present
|dakkyāmi
|dakkyāsi
|dakkyāti
|dakkyāma
|dakkyāta
|dakkyātti
|-
!Past
|dakkyam
|dakkya
|dakkyat
|dakkyama
|dakkyata
|dakkyatt
|-
!Future
|dakkyiham
|dakkyi
|dakkyit
|dakkyima
|dakkyita
|dakkyihatt
|}
All aniotic verbs always have /h/ at the end of their stem and their infinitives have no /j/ in them. Note how '''anhāta''' only has ''-h-'', '''dakkyāta''' has ''-y-'', but '''vihyāta''' has ''-hy-'', meaning it is iotic. The tense of a verb in the active indicative can be known due to the presence of a certain vowel. The active indicative present always has ''-ā-'', the past always has ''-a-'', and the future always has ''-i-''.
Verbs are generally pro-drop, where subject pronouns aren't required, but they can be used for emphasis.
==== Plain vs. causative distinction ====
Plain verbs in Old Anhic generally have a non-causative meaning. Sometimes, the forms of a plain and causative verb are indistinguishable, i.e. ''sapyāta'' is both the plain and causative infinitive, so the word could mean 'to know' or 'to cause to know'. However, the distinction can be indicated by an ''-i-'', for example, ''tihāta'' 'to burn' and ''tihiāta'' 'to cause to burn, to set on fire'.
This intervening ''-i-'' persists throughout all conjugations, but the active participles are not unique between plain and causative verbs, but the passive participles are (''-imā'', ''-ima'', and ''-imi''). Causative passive participles can be used deponently.
==== The copula ====
The copula ('''''hasyāta''''') in Old Anhic generally corresponds to a meaning of 'to be'. This is the only verb that does not follow the pattern of ''aniotic'' or ''iotic'' completely in its conjugation, as it is extremely irregular. The copula has no passive forms, not even passive participles, and it is suppletive.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Indicative plain conjugation of '''''ha''<nowiki/>''syāta''''' '''<nowiki/>'to be''''
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="3" |Singular
! colspan="3" |Plural
|-
!1st
!2nd
!3rd
!1st
!2nd
!3rd
|-
!Present
|hazi
|hasi
|hatti
|hama
|hata
|hatti
|-
!Past
|hasyāmi
|hasyāti
|hasyāsi
|hasyāma
|hasyāta
|hasyātti
|-
!Future
|vuhā
|vuhāsi
|vuhāti
|vuhāma
|vuhāta
|vuhatti
|}
The present is derived directly from *h<sub>1</sub>es-, and does not have the intervening ''yā'' in it. The past is derived from *h<sub>2</sub>wes-, and does have the intervening ''yā'', making it behave like a regular iotic verb. The future is from *bʰuH-, and retains an unusual 1st person singular conjugation of ''vuhā'', where ''*vuhāmi'' would have been expected.
The present indicative is not used for statements like ''He is good'', instead it is required to be dropped. The proper sentence in Old Anhic is ''Has hāsa''. However, the present indicative of the verb is used for an existential, like 'there is...'
===== The causative copula =====
The causative copula in Old Anhic is technically irregular, due to the fact that it has no intervening ''-yā-'', but it is regular in its endings. All of the forms are analogized from the indicative plain present. The future tense is also irregular.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Indicative causative conjugation of '''''hasyāta''''' '''<nowiki/>'to cause to be''''
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="3" |Singular
! colspan="3" |Plural
|-
!1st
!2nd
!3rd
!1st
!2nd
!3rd
|-
!Present
|hāsāmi
|hāsāsi
|hāsāti
|hāsāma
|hāsāta
|hāsātti
|-
!Past
|hāsyam
|hāsya
|hāsyat
|hāsyama
|hāsyata
|hāsyatt
|-
!Future
|hāsī
|hāsā
|hāsīt
|hāsīma
|hāsīta
|hāsītt
|}
==== Non-finite forms ====
Old Anhic does not possess many non-finite forms, only having deverbal nouns, active / passive participles, and agentives. Many of these forms are used in combination with the affixes ''hu-'' 'good' and ''du-'' 'bad' to form multiple new words.
'''Deverbal forms'''
Every verb in Old Anhic has two deverbal nouns associated with it, one in ''-a'', the other in ''-man''. The ''-a'' form is used for the 'process of X', and the ''-man'' form is uses for the 'result of X'. For example, ''gavasa'' means 'tasting', and ''gavasman'' means 'taste' (the <u>result of tasting</u> is a <u>taste</u>). The ''-man'' affix has two forms, for aniotic verbs, the form is ''-an''; for iotic verbs, the form is ''-man''.
'''Participles'''
Old Anhic has both active and passive participles, and each type has three tense divisions, present, past, and future. Participles can be used as adjectives or nouns. The active participles are formed with ''-yāss'', ''-yass'', and ''-yiss'', with respect to the order of tenses listed before. The passive participles are formed differently, with ''-mā'', ''-ma'', and ''-mi'', respectively. The active participles are also part of the iotic / aniotic distinction, so aniotic verbs will have active participles formed with ''-āss'', ''-ass'', and ''-iss.''
'''Agentives'''
Agentives are used to indicate the meaning of 'that which X-s' or the 'X-er'. Generally, these are formed with the affix ''-yārta'', but there are some inherited irregular forms that involve an irregularly placed '''-r-''', such as ''dārha'' 'giver, God' and ''mārha'' 'mother', but these have become disassociated from their corresponding roots and the irregular and regular forms simultaneously exist, like ''dārha'' and ''dāhārta'', both meaning 'giver', but only the former has the additional meaning of 'God'. Note that the affix ''-yārta'' is part of the iotic / aniotic distinction, and the aniotic form is -''ārta''.
==== Phrasal verbs ====
Phrasal verbs are very commonly used to modify the meanings of already existing verbs. They are formed with an adposition prefixed onto a verb. For example ''h(a)''- 'in' + ''dakkyāta'' 'to see' forms ''hadakkayāta'' 'to observe, oversee'. ''H(a)-'' is generally used as an intensive. Other adpositions can be used to form phrasal verbs, such as ''ħad-'' 'at, to' and ''qam-'' 'with'.
While not being formed with adpositions, the affixes ''hu-'' 'good' and ''du-'' 'bad' can also be attached onto verbs to narrow their meaning. For example, ''hu-'' + ''gavasyāta'' 'to taste' yields ''hugavasyāta'' 'to taste (something good)'. These affixes are also not restricted to verbs and can also be applied to nominals.
=== Adverbs ===
Adverbs in Old Anhic are formed via the ''adverbial accusative'', where the accusative singular form of a noun or adjective is used as an adverb. For example, ''vata'' 'year' → ''vatam'' 'yearly'. These can be placed either before or after a verb.
=== Adpositions ===
Adpositions in Old Anhic are indeclinable and can be placed either before or after a noun. Some adpositions are actually prefixes, analogous to how they are used for phrasal verbs. For example, ''h(a)-'' 'in' can be used to form a sort of inessive case. Some new adpositions can be made with the addition of the ''du-'' 'bad' prefix. For example, ''du-'' + ''qam'' 'with' yields ''duqam'' 'not with, against, opposite to'. These new adpositions have the opposite meaning of their base adposition.
=== Negation ===
In general, negation is marked with the negative particle ''ma''. For verbs, the ''ma'' particle can be prefixed or suffixed, such as ''mahamyāmi'' or ''hamyāmima'', both meaning 'I don't know'. For adjectives, the ''ma'' particle can be placed either before or after them.
== Syntax ==
In Old Anhic, the order of words in a sentence is generally free, but there is a tendency to have a base word order of subject-object-verb (SOV). It is somewhat common for related segments in a sentence to not be placed consecutively. If a sentence only has one verb and one adverb in it, then both the adverb and verb can be placed anywhere within it.
Base example: ''Ag ati has '''gmāgam''' <u>gvinam</u> dakkyatt.'' 'Me and him saw the big woman.' The adjective ('''''gmāgam''''', 'big') is placed before the noun (''<u>gvinam</u>'', 'woman'), but this isn't required, an equally valid sentence is '''''Gmāgam''''' ''dakkyatt ag ati has <u>gvinam</u>.'' Now, the adjective is disconnected from its noun, the verb is now before the subject, and the noun is at the end.
== Vocabulary ==
Most of Old Anhic's vocabulary is descended directly from Proto-Mallo-Brausian, with other obscure sources being unknown and/or unattested. Many words in Old Anhic are cognate with words in other Mallo-Brausian languages such as [[Loremese language|Loremese]], [[Caerimoscnë]], and [[Oikan language|Oikan]].
This table shows the most recognizable cognates between Old Anhic and the languages listed previously.
{| class="wikitable"
!'''''Meaning'''''
!Old Anhic
![[Loremese language|Loremese]]
![[Caerimoscnë]]
![[Oikan language|Oikan]]
!Proto-Mallo-Brausian
|-
!''mother''
|marha
|mater
|
|metser
!''*méh₂tēr''
|-
!''worm''
|varmia
|vrimi
|ürmi
|uerma
!'''''*wr̥mis'''''
|-
!''five''
|pappa
|pence
|meghn
|ponkuo
!'''''*pénkʷe'''''
|-
!eye
|ħaqsa
|oc
|ou
|hokuo
!'''''*h₃ekʷ-'''''
|-
!''tongue''
|langva
|dazva
|taenchë
|denžua
!''*'''dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s'''''
|}
== Writing system ==
The Old Anhic script ('''Old Anhic''': ''anhāqa qrihan'') is an impure abjad with 19 total glyphs. Eighteen of the glyphs are used to represent consonants, the remaining one is used to indicate a prothetic or long vowel, generally /ɐ/. Words are written left-to-right, top-to-bottom with no spaces or interpunct between them. Diacritics did not originally exist, but a system of dots to indicate the other three vowels in Old Anhic was added later, natively called ''dāhass'' (lit. 'added'). Punctuation also did not originally exist, but a long vertical line was invented to indicate the ends of sentences, natively called a ''sttāhāss'' ('the standing').
[[File:Oldanhicwriting2.png|thumb|A line from the ''Zgqavha'', a prayer written in Old Anhic (''recreated on computer)'']]
[[File:Oldanhicbasenumbers2.png|border|thumb|297x297px|Old Anhic's base numbers]]
Vowels are not written, except for '''/ɐː/''' wherever it occurs, and if a word begins in a vowel, it is indicated with the vowel symbol. Geminates are also not indicated, but the act of writing a consonant twice was used later to indicate gemination.
[[File:Oldanhicnumberexamples.png|thumb|297x297px|Examples of numbers and their values in Old Anhic]]
Numbers were written using a modified tally mark system. A vertical line had the value of '1'. A forward-diagonal, akin to '/' had the value of '2'. A backward-diagonal like '\' had the value of '5'. An X-like character had the value of '10'. Addition was written from left-to-right and multiplication was written from top-to-bottom in blocks.
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