Hngatil grammar - Revision history

Photosynthesis bisectors: /* To have (tya-nna) */

2025-03-04T19:17:41Z

To have (tya-nna)

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:17, 4 March 2025
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	\|-		\|-
	!		!
	!~~Perfective~~		!Pfct.
	~~aspect~~		!Mnt.
	!~~Momentane~~		!St.
	~~aspect~~		!Gn.
	!~~Stative~~		!Hb.
	~~aspect~~		!Cs.
	!~~Gnomic~~
	~~aspect~~
	!~~Habitual~~
	~~aspect~~
	!~~Cessative~~
	~~aspect~~
	! colspan="8" rowspan="3" \|		! colspan="8" rowspan="3" \|
	\|-		\|-

Photosynthesis bisectors: /* Pronouns */

2025-02-06T23:46:04Z

Pronouns

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:46, 6 February 2025
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	! colspan="2" \|1p		! colspan="2" \|1p
	\|dyuu		\|dyuu
	\|p'~~ara~~		\|p'aralla
	\|-		\|-
	! colspan="2" \|2p		! colspan="2" \|2p
	\|bbali		\|bbali
	\|p'~~atuu~~		\|p'atuulla
	\|-		\|-
	! rowspan="2" \|3p		! rowspan="2" \|3p
	!Masculine		!Masculine
	\|uty'i		\|uty'i
	\|ity'i		\|ity'illa
	\|-		\|-
	!Feminine/neutral		!Feminine/neutral
	\|tpaga		\|tpaga
	\|typ'~~ang~~		\|typ'anglla
	\|-		\|-
	! rowspan="4" \|Plural		! rowspan="4" \|Plural
	! colspan="2" \|1p		! colspan="2" \|1p
	\|p'iituu		\|p'iituu
	\|~~bau~~		\|baulla
	\|-		\|-
	! colspan="2" \|2p		! colspan="2" \|2p
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	!Masculine		!Masculine
	\|aty'a		\|aty'a
	\|~~adyai~~		\|adyailla
	\|-		\|-
	!Feminine/neutral		!Feminine/neutral
	\|nmirrit		\|nmirrit
	\|~~nidi~~		\|nidilla
	\|}		\|}

Photosynthesis bisectors: /* Auxiliary form */

2025-02-06T23:41:46Z

Auxiliary form

@@ Line 568: / Line 568: @@
 === Auxiliary form ===
 === Infinitive form ===
@@ Line 683: / Line 685: @@
 !Concept, other
 | -rru(u)
 |}
@@ Line 716: / Line 763: @@
 === Word order ===
-Basic word order in Hngatil depends on the transitivity of a verb in a phrase. For phrases that only contain an intransitive verb, or ambitransitive verbs that are used intransitively, the basic word order is as follows: ''Verb-Adjective-Subject''. For phrases that contain transitive, ditransitive, or ambritransitive verbs used transitively, the word order is ''Verb-Subject-Adjective-Direct Object-Indirect Object'', when applicable. Generally, however, Hngatil's word order is ''Verb-Subject-Object.''
+There is no strict word order in Hngatil, though generally verbs come first in a clause.
 == Examples ==

Photosynthesis bisectors: /* To have (tya-nna) */

2025-02-06T23:02:24Z

To have (tya-nna)

@@ Line 516: / Line 516: @@
 aspect
 | colspan="14" |irraug
 |}

Photosynthesis bisectors: /* To have (tya-nna) */

2025-01-30T16:20:12Z

To have (tya-nna)

Show changes

Photosynthesis bisectors: /* Infinitive */

2025-01-13T15:53:11Z

Infinitive

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:53, 13 January 2025
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	==== To give (tya-hmida) ====		==== To give (tya-hmida) ====

	=== Infinitive ===		=== Auxiliary form ===

			=== Infinitive form ===
	The infinitive in Hngatil is formed by two processes: first, if the verb uses long vowels, they are changed to short vowels, and if the verb uses short vowels, the length remains the same. Secondly, the prefix ''ty(a)-'' is added to the beginning of the verb. The infinitive of to be is ''tyarri'', the infinitive of to have is ''tyanna'', and the infinitive of to give is ''tyahmida''.		The infinitive in Hngatil is formed by two processes: first, if the verb uses long vowels, they are changed to short vowels, and if the verb uses short vowels, the length remains the same. Secondly, the prefix ''ty(a)-'' is added to the beginning of the verb. The infinitive of to be is ''tyarri'', the infinitive of to have is ''tyanna'', and the infinitive of to give is ''tyahmida''.

			=== Agentive form ===

			=== Gerundive form ===

			=== Participle forms ===

	== Nominal morphology ==		== Nominal morphology ==

Photosynthesis bisectors: /* To have (tya-nna) */

2025-01-13T15:48:36Z

To have (tya-nna)

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:48, 13 January 2025
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	==== To have (tya-nna) ====		==== To have (tya-nna) ====
	Nna is the verb root meaning ''to have''. It conjugates for all verbal aspects~~, moods~~, and classifiers. Nna is also a commonly used verb in forming compound aspects. Nna has the most forms out of any verb in Hngatil, with [xyz].		Nna is the verb root meaning ''to have''. It conjugates for all verbal aspects, and classifiers, but it does not conjugate for mood at all. Nna is also a commonly used verb in forming compound aspects. Nna has the most forms out of any verb in Hngatil, with [xyz].
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+Nna forms~~, indicative mood~~		\|+Nna forms in Hngatil
	!		!
	!SO		!SO
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	!Prospective		!Prospective
	aspect		aspect
	\|		\|hnaia
	\|		\|
	\|		\|

Photosynthesis bisectors: /* To have (tya-nna) */

2025-01-13T15:42:23Z

To have (tya-nna)

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:42, 13 January 2025
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	!Perfective		!Perfective
	aspect		aspect
	\|		\|nnganna
	\|		\|nngaka
	\|		\|nngaguyt
	\|		\|nngalauu
	\|		\|nngaludga
	\|		\|nngabda
	\|		\|nngagkib
	\|		\|ngma
	\|		\|ngmuuhra
	\|		\|ngmahrikpu
	\|		\|ngmal
	\|		\|ngmamman
	\|		\|tyap
	\|		\|dgag
	\|-		\|-
	!Momentane		!Momentane
	aspect		aspect
	\|		\|nnatypa
	\|		\|katypa
	\|		\|gutypa
	\|		\|lautypa
	\|		\|lutypa
	\|		\|abtypa
	\|		\|agbitya
	\|		\|dybam
	\|		\|muutypa
	\|		\|hridyba
	\|		\|gadya
	\|		\|mmaty
	\|		\|tyaty
	\|		\|dyady
	\|-		\|-
	!Prospective		!Prospective

Photosynthesis bisectors: /* To be (ty-arri) */

2025-01-13T15:31:22Z

To be (ty-arri)

Show changes

Photosynthesis bisectors: /* Irregular and defective verbs */

2025-01-13T15:13:58Z

Irregular and defective verbs

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:13, 13 January 2025
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	\| -(a)p		\| -(a)p
	\|}		\|}
			In addition, combined with some common auxiliary verbs

	=== Irregular and defective verbs ===		=== Irregular and defective verbs ===
	Many Hngatil verbs, particularly the most common verbs, are irregular and defective in aspects marking. Contrary to one what might expect, the verb meaning to be only can be conjugated for the perfective and progressive aspects, though it changes for other factors. In addition, the verb meaning to have is actually more irregular than to be, ~~a relative rarity among world languages~~.		Many Hngatil verbs, particularly the most common verbs, are irregular and defective in aspects marking. Contrary to one what might expect, the verb meaning to be only can be conjugated for the perfective and progressive aspects, though it changes for other factors. In addition, the verb meaning to have is actually more irregular than to be, contrary to what one might assume.

	==== To be (ty-arri) ====		==== To be (ty-arri) ====
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	!Presumptive		!Presumptive
	mood		mood
	!Inferrential		! colspan="2" \|Inferrential
	mood		mood
	\|-		\|-
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	\|hngirri		\|hngirri
	\|llarri		\|llarri
	\|dbat'ak'		\| colspan="2" \|dbat'ak'
	\|-		\|-
	!Momentane		!Momentane
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	\|hngirru		\|hngirru
	\|llarru		\|llarru
	\|dbaruk'		\| colspan="2" \|dbaruk'
	\|-		\|-
	!Progressive		!Progressive
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	\|ngubiu		\|ngubiu
	\|llabiu		\|llabiu
	\|dbap'a		\| colspan="2" \|dbap'a
	\|-		\|-
	!Stative		!Stative
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	\|ngibu		\|ngibu
	\|llabu		\|llabu
	\|t'aubu		\| colspan="2" \|t'aubu
	\|-		\|-
	!Gnomic		!Gnomic
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	\|ngiud		\|ngiud
	\|lladud		\|lladud
	\|t'audu		\| colspan="2" \|t'audu
	\|-		\|-
	!Habitual		!Habitual
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	\|ngiiuul		\|ngiiuul
	\|lliduyul		\|lliduyul
	\|dihru		\| colspan="2" \|dihru
			\|-
			! colspan="7" \|Nonfinite forms
			\|-
			!Auxiliary form
			\| colspan="6" \|uurhngii
			\|-
			!Infinitive form
			\| colspan="6" \|tyarri
			\|-
			!Agentive form
			\| colspan="6" \|tyarrad
			\|-
			! colspan="7" \|Participle forms
			\|-
			!
			!Perfective
			aspect
			!Momentane
			aspect
			!Progressive
			aspect
			!Stative
			aspect
			!Gnomic
			aspect
			!Habitual
			aspect
			\|-
			!Active voice
			\|arrill
			\|urrull
			\|abull
			\|ahrull
			\|arrull
			\|abul
			\|-
			!Passive voice
			\|uuriil
			\|uurruul
			\|abuul
			\|ahruul
			\|arruul
			\|abuul
	\|}		\|}

	==== To have (tya-nna) ====		==== To have (tya-nna) ====
			Nna is the verb root meaning ''to have''. It conjugates for all verbal aspects, moods, and classifiers. Nna is also a commonly used verb in forming compound aspects.

	==== To give (tya-hmida) ====		==== To give (tya-hmida) ====